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减少儿科手术前环境中的焦虑的非药物干预:更新的总体审查和元分析
Nerea López-Rodrigo1, Andreu Moll-Bertó1, Néstor Montoro-Pérez2,3
1"La Fe" School of Nursing, Affiliated Center of the University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain.
Journal for specialists in pediatric nursing : JSPN
|July 25, 2025
概括
非药理疗法有效地减少了手术前的儿童和青少年手术前的焦虑. 像视频游戏一样,数字健康干预措施对儿科患者及其护理人员表现出最显著的积极影响.
科学领域:
- 儿科手术 儿科手术
- 焦虑管理 焦虑管理
- 非药理干预措施 非药理干预
背景情况:
- 手术前的焦虑是儿科手术患者的常见和重大问题.
- 有效的管理策略对于改善患者的结果和减少痛苦至关重要.
- 非药理疗法为药理疗法提供了一个有希望的替代方案或辅助方法.
研究的目的:
- 确定和评估用于减少儿童和青少年手术前焦虑的非药理疗法.
- 评估这些干预措施对儿科患者及其父母/护理人员的有效性.
主要方法:
- 在过去5年内,在主要数据库 (Web of Science,Scopus,PubMed,COCHRANE,CINHAL) 进行全面的文献搜索.
- 从包含的研究中对初级数据进行元分析,以量化干预效应.
- 使用AMSTAR-2标准对包含的文章进行质量评估.
主要成果:
- 数字健康干预措施,包括录像带,眼镜和游戏,对儿童和青少年表现出最显著的积极影响.
- 网络/应用程序干预措施对父母/照顾者产生了显著的积极影响.
- 其他干预措施,如传统的游戏疗法,音乐疗法,父母的存在和小丑疗法,也为儿科患者带来了积极的结果,对护理人员有不同程度的效果.
结论:
- 非药物疗法,特别是数字和其他健康干预措施,在治疗儿科外科患者的手术前焦虑方面是有效的.
- 由于证据有限,对导向图像,本森呼吸和催眠疗法等干预措施需要进一步研究.
- 建议将这些基于证据的非药物疗法纳入临床指导方针和治疗方案,需要卫生政策制定者和熟练的护理人员的支持.
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