一个新的视角的菌麻贝类毒素中毒毒素:历史,方法和毒理学
Zacharias J Smith1, Kandis M Arlinghaus2, Gregory L Boyer3
1Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory, Agricultural Research Service, US Department of Agriculture, 10300 Baltimore Ave, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.
Marine drugs
|July 25, 2025
概括
性贝类中毒毒素 (PSPTs) 污染淡水,对饮用水和休水构成风险. 本综述详细介绍了已知的PSPT,其环境检测和分析方法的弱点,突出了风险评估的数据缺口.
科学领域:
- 环境化学环境化学
- 毒理学 毒理学 毒理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 性贝类中毒毒素 (PSPTs) 是一种神经毒素,通常与海洋贝类污染有关.
- 越来越多的证据表明PSPT存在于淡水系统中,这引发了人们对饮用水和娱乐用水安全的担忧.
- 菌被确定为全球淡水PSPT的来源,但综合风险评估受到数据限制的阻碍.
研究的目的:
- 编制已知PSPT及其化学特征的综合清单.
- 为了记录PSPTs的环境淡水检测.
- 审查分析方法,讨论PSPT毒理学,并评估淡水监管限制.
主要方法:
- 文献审查以识别和列出PSPT,环境检测和分析方法.
- 对老鼠历史毒性数据的分析,以计算特定PSPT类原体的毒性等效因子 (TEF).
- 讨论对淡水PSPTs现有的毒理数据限制和监管框架.
主要成果:
- 编制了超过84种PSPT及其化学特征的综合目录.
- 证据证实了全球淡水PSPT由蓝藻细菌产生的证据.
- 针对11-西西托克辛 (11-OH STX; M2) 和11-OH dcSTX (dcM2) 间的毒性等价因子 (TEF) 提出了建议,范围为0.16至0.6.
结论:
- 由于PSPT配置文件和分析方法存在重大不确定性,因此无法对淡水系统进行准确的风险评估.
- 缺乏商业上可用的标准和有限的毒理学数据是主要障碍.
- 未来的研究应该专注于开发参考材料,了解环境驱动因素,并完善淡水PSPT的毒性评估.
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