血造干细胞移植后的幽默免疫:通过B细胞受体谱分析进行评估
Sakuya Matsumoto1, Yohei Funakoshi2, Kimikazu Yakushijin1
1Division of Medical Oncology/Hematology, Department of Medicine, Kobe University Hospital and Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.
International journal of hematology
|July 25, 2025
概括
在血液造血干细胞移植 (HSCT) 后,首次SARS-CoV-2疫苗接种会诱导初级免疫反应,即使之前暴露于抗原. 这一发现对于理解移植后免疫力和疫苗接种策略至关重要.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 血液学 血液学 血液学
- 移植科学 移植科学
背景情况:
- 在造血干细胞移植 (HSCT) 之前获得的免疫力可能会在移植后丧失.
- 在先前暴露于抗原的患者中,HSCT后第一次接种疫苗的免疫反应的性质尚不清楚.
研究的目的:
- 评估HSCT后免疫记忆的消失.
- 为了确定HSCT后的第一个接种疫苗是否会在患者中引起初级或二级免疫反应,这些患者在HSCT前曾接触过抗原.
主要方法:
- 使用抗原特异性抗体序列量化 (QASAS) 方法实时评估免疫反应.
- 分析了B细胞受体 (BCR) 曲目,以评估SARS-CoV-2抗原特异性抗体序列.
- 从HSCT患者中收集的样本在HSCT后第一次接种疫苗之前和之后,与没有血液学疾病的对照组一起.
主要成果:
- 在健康个体中,初级SARS-CoV-2抗原暴露在7天后没有反应,但在14-21天后激活;重复暴露在7天后引起了二次反应.
- 前有SARS-CoV-2暴露史的HSCT患者在首次HSCT疫苗接种后7天左右没有反应,14天后观察到反应.
- 这种模式反映了初级免疫反应,尽管先前存在的抗原暴露.
结论:
- 在HSCT后的第一个疫苗接种诱导了初级免疫反应,而不管先前的感染或疫苗接种史.
- 免疫记忆在HSCT后显著减弱或不存在,因此需要初始接种疫苗的初级响应方法.
- 在HSCT后的疫苗接种策略应考虑诱导初级免疫反应以获得最佳的疗效.
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