尼安德特人,超肉食动物和虫:从稳定的同位素的洞察力
Melanie M Beasley1, Julie J Lesnik2, John D Speth3
1Department of Anthropology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.
Science advances
|July 25, 2025
概括
尼安德特人的饮食中肉类含量可能很高,因为他们在腐烂的食物中消耗了虫. 这些幼虫显著增加了同位素比率 (δ15N),影响了饮食重建.
科学领域:
- 古人类学古人类学.
- 同位素地球化学 同位素地球化学
- 昆虫生态学 昆虫生态学
背景情况:
- 欧亚尼安德特人的饮食中稳定的同位素比率 (δ15N) 表明它们是顶级捕食者.
- 这种解释是基于高的δ15N值,将它们置于食物网的顶部.
研究的目的:
- 在人类饮食研究中调查幼虫 (虫) 对高达δN值的潜在贡献.
- 为了分析在腐烂的尸体上发现的虫的δ15N值.
主要方法:
- 从腐烂的尸体中收集了来自三个家族 (Calliphoridae,Piophilidae,Stratiomyidae) 的幼虫.
- 在收集的幼虫和初始肌肉组织上进行了δ15N个散装分析.
主要成果:
- 腐烂导致肌肉组织的轻微变化,N值 (-0.6至7.7‰).
- 与腐烂相关的幼虫表现出明显更高的δ15N值,从5.4到43.2‰不等.
结论:
- 晚期普莱斯托时代原始人中高的δ15N值可能部分归因于他们食用了虫感染的储存动物食品.
- 这挑战了高δ15N的唯一解释,即表明过度食肉,并表明需要考虑饮食重建中的昆虫消费.
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