结核病和耐药形式的全球流行:从1990年到2019年的30年分析
Xiaoying Lv1, Xiuyuan Ji2, Leiqun Xiong1
1Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University (Xiamen Branch), Xiamen, China.
Journal of global antimicrobial resistance
|July 25, 2025
概括
全球结核病 (TB) 患病率正在下降,但耐药性结核病菌株正在迅速增加. 迫切需要采取战略来应对日益增长的多抗药性结核病 (MDRTB) 和广泛抗药性结核病 (XDRTB),特别是在弱势群体中.
科学领域:
- 全球卫生流行病学
- 传染病监测 传染病监测 传染病监测 传染病监测
- 公共卫生政策 公共卫生政策
背景情况:
- 结核病 (TB) 仍然是一个重大的全球卫生挑战.
- 多耐药结核病 (MDRTB) 和广泛耐药结核病 (XDRTB) 对结核病控制构成越来越大的威胁.
- 了解长期流行趋势对于有效干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 从1990年到2019年分析结核病及其亚型的全球和国家流行趋势.
- 确定不同人口和地区的结核病发病率和趋势的差异.
- 为消除结核病制定有针对性的战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 使用的全球疾病负担 (GBD) 数据.
- 分析了结核病及其亚型的年龄标准化流行率 (ASPR).
- 从1990年到2019年的评估趋势.
主要成果:
- 全球结核病发病率正在下降,自1990年以来,ASPR每年下降1.044%.
- 对药物敏感结核病的患病率每年下降1.692%.
- 每年,MDRTB的流行率增加了6.008%,XDRTB每年增加了71.746%.
- 流行率因国家,性别,社会经济地位和地理位置而异.
结论:
- 尽管结核病总体下降,但越来越多的MDRTB和XDRTB威胁着全球消除目标.
- 结核病发病率和趋势的重大全球不平等需要有针对性的战略.
- 紧急行动,包括加强监督和政治承诺,至关重要,特别是对弱势群体.
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