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城市加纳食品质量和习惯的变化:来自混合方法研究的证据
Sandra Boatemaa Kushitor1,2, Lydia Okoibhole3, Megan Vaughan4
1Department of Community Health, Ensign Global University, Kpong, Ghana. boatemaasandra@gmail.com.
BMC public health
|July 27, 2025
概括
阿克拉的城市贫困人口的饮食转向现代,营养较低的食物,增加了粮食不安全和慢性疾病风险. 这种混合饮食阻碍了健康饮食目标的进展.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 食品安全研究 食品安全研究
背景情况:
- 全球饮食模式正在向更低的营养质量转变.
- 关于这些饮食变化的具体情况的研究,特别是在城市贫困人口中,是有限的.
- 这项研究调查了加纳阿克拉的饮食变化.
研究的目的:
- 分析过去和现在的食物消费模式.
- 检查食物的获取和准备习惯.
- 评估阿克拉的城市贫困居民的营养质量和粮食安全.
主要方法:
- 利用了"背景意识响应和评估:加纳糖尿病"项目的数据 (n=854).
- 使用饮食质量调查问卷计算了食品组多样性得分,NCD风险和NCD保护得分.
- 针对饮食习惯的重点小组讨论 (n=30) 进行了主题分析,整合了定性和定量数据.
主要成果:
- 饮食模式从传统的自制餐 (麻豆,玉米,香) 转向混合,包括现代食品,如即时面条,大米和含糖饮料.
- 平均消费包括四个食物组,其中47%的人经历了粮食不安全.
- 观察到高消费的NCD风险食品 (炸食品,红肉,SSBs) 和保护性食品 (全谷物,蔬菜).
结论:
- 据报道,人们从自家做饭过渡到外面吃饭.
- 当前的饮食是传统和现代食物的混合,以高粮食不安全为特征.
- 饮食习惯对慢性非传染性疾病提供有限的保护,影响到健康饮食目标的进展.
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