早期维生素D补充在婴儿出生极早和人乳养婴儿:一个随机对照试验
Ariel A Salas1, Tori Argent1, Seabrook Jeffcoat1
1Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL.
The Journal of pediatrics
|July 27, 2025
概括
对极度早产婴儿的维生素D补充剂没有减少支气管肺功能失调症 (BPD) 的严重程度,但显示了改善骨健康的趋势. 需要进一步的研究来证实这些发现在高风险的新生儿.
科学领域:
- 新生儿医学 新生儿医学
- 儿科肺病学 儿科肺病学
- 营养科学 营养科学
背景情况:
- 食母乳的极度早产婴儿 (孕期≤28周) 患有呼吸道并发症的风险很高.
- 维生素D对骨健康和免疫功能至关重要,但对这种脆弱人群的最佳补充是有争议的.
- 以前的研究已经产生了关于维生素D对新生儿结果的影响不一致的结果.
研究的目的:
- 研究每日维生素D补充剂对极度早产婴儿短期呼吸结果的影响.
- 评估维生素D对支气管肺功能障碍 (BPD) 和肺功能严重性的影响.
- 为了评估维生素D对代谢性骨病和这一队列的整体骨健康的影响.
主要方法:
- 一个蒙面的,随机对照试验,涉及126名极度早产婴儿,被食母乳.
- 婴儿在生命的头14天内每天接受800 IU维生素D或安慰剂.
- 主要结局:在经后36周的月经后期,BPD的严重程度. 二次结果:肺功能 (脉冲振荡计) 和代谢性骨病标志物.
主要成果:
- 维生素D补充剂显著增加了25-基维生素D3度.
- 两组之间BPD严重程度或肺功能测量 (反应性,耐药性) 没有显著差异.
- 在维生素D组中,代谢性骨病风险较低的非统计学意义上的趋势 (9%对20%).
结论:
- 早期维生素D补充剂 (14天每天800 IU) 并没有降低极度早产婴儿的BPD严重程度.
- 补充剂可能为骨健康提供潜在的益处,需要进一步调查.
- 没有严重的不良事件与维生素D干预有关.
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