西藏高原承载能力的空间异质性:一种生态系统服务方法
Lijing Wang1, Stephen Polasky2, Yi Xiao1
1State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100085, Beijing, China.
Journal of environmental management
|July 27, 2025
概括
承载能力被重新定义为生态系统可持续提供服务的能力. 西藏高原的草原生产率过载,这表明地区的可持续性挑战.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 环境科学 环境科学
- 可持续性科学 可持续性科学
背景情况:
- 传统的承载能力定义很难应用于区域可持续性和管理.
- 要评估生态系统承载能力,需要采用多维方法.
研究的目的:
- 根据可持续的生态系统服务提供,提出和应用运载能力的新定义.
- 评估西藏高原的承载能力,利用生态系统服务,如土壤保护,碳捕集,水净化,草原生产力和水.
主要方法:
- 该研究将承载能力定义为生态系统可以在不退化的情况下可持续提供的最大生态系统服务.
- 它量化了在西藏高原保留水,净化水,保护土壤,草原料生产和碳封存的承载能力.
- 负载比率被计算出来,以评估每个生态系统服务的过载程度.
主要成果:
- 估计承载能力为保留水 (2678亿米3),净化水 (12.93亿),保护土壤 (34.24亿),草原料生产 (9770万),和碳封存 (0.16亿).
- 草地料生产严重过载 (负载比为1.50).
- 土壤保护和碳封存分别在10个和47个县严重过载,不同县的过载量有显著差异.
结论:
- 西藏高原的草原生产力目前超过其承载能力,对区域可持续性构成威胁.
- 虽然一些生态系统服务在区域层面上没有过度负荷,但土壤保护和碳捕获的局部过度负荷凸显了有针对性的管理的需要.
- 多维承载能力方法为区域可持续性评估和管理提供了更适用的框架.
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