为什么实践需要一般指导如何定义和理解风险的概念
1University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.
概括
定义风险的务实方法是反科学的. 标准化风险评估和沟通对于各个领域的有效风险管理至关重要.
科学领域:
- 风险分析和风险管理
- 决策科学科学 决策科学
- 政策研究 政策研究
背景情况:
- 风险的概念是各种学科的基础,包括保险,工程,健康,商业和气候变化.
- 风险存在许多定义和概念,导致关于最合适的方法的持续辩论.
- 风险评估,沟通和管理的实际应用取决于对"风险"一词的清晰理解.
研究的目的:
- 批判性地评估寻求一种普遍的风险定义与特定环境的定义的价值.
- 反对纯粹务实,用户定义的方法来概念化和描述风险.
- 突出采用反科学风险观点的潜在负面后果.
主要方法:
- 本文采用了基于视角的方法,分析了不同风险概念的含义.
- 它检查了通用风险定义与特定情况风险定义的理由.
- 该研究使用说明性示例来支持其关于风险评估科学基础的论点.
主要成果:
- 一个务实的观点,用户根据他们的背景和经验来定义风险,被认为是反科学的.
- 允许多样化,用户定义的风险概念化可能会导致不一致,并阻碍有效的风险管理.
- 缺乏标准化,科学基础的风险处理方法可能会产生严重的后果.
结论:
- 统一,科学验证的风险理解对于可靠的评估,沟通和管理至关重要.
- 具体上下文定义,虽然看似实用,但破坏了强有力的风险分析所需的科学严谨性.
- 采用务实,以用户为中心的风险方法可能会导致错误的决策和潜在的严重负面结果.
相关概念视频
01:23Types of Biopharmaceutical Studies: Controlled and Non-Controlled Approaches
176
Biopharmaceutical studies constitute a vital field aiming to enhance drug delivery methods and refine therapeutic approaches, drawing upon diverse interdisciplinary knowledge. In research methodologies, the choice between controlled and non-controlled studies significantly influences the study's reliability and accuracy.
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
Non-controlled studies, commonly employed for initial exploration, lack a control group, rendering them susceptible to biases and external influences. In contrast,...
176
01:25Drug Regulation
1.8K
Drug regulation encompasses the management of drug usage by evaluating its safety and efficacy through assessments conducted by regulatory authorities. Regrettably, the history of drug regulation is marred by several catastrophic events. One such incident is the Elixir Sulfanilamide tragedy, in which the toxic compound diethyl glycol was included in a sweet-tasting medication, leading to numerous fatalities. This event prompted the enactment of the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act in 1938. Under...
1.8K
01:03Drug Control Governance: Regulatory Bodies and Their Impact
250
Drug control governance involves the oversight and regulation of pharmaceuticals to ensure their safety and efficacy while preventing illegal drug use and trafficking. Regulatory bodies, including the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Union's European Medicines Agency (EMA), play a central role in this process. These agencies evaluate the safety and efficacy of drugs before they can be marketed. They fund clinical trials and assess the benefits and risks associated with...
250
01:19Pharmacovigilance
996
Post-marketing surveillance is a critical component of pharmaceutical regulation, often uncovering unanticipated adverse drug reactions (ADRs) once a drug is widely used over an extended period.
This process, termed pharmacovigilance, aims to detect, evaluate, and minimize harmful effects related to medication use. The data collection for pharmacovigilance depends on spontaneous reporting systems, where healthcare professionals or patients voluntarily report suspected ADRs.
In some cases, there...
This process, termed pharmacovigilance, aims to detect, evaluate, and minimize harmful effects related to medication use. The data collection for pharmacovigilance depends on spontaneous reporting systems, where healthcare professionals or patients voluntarily report suspected ADRs.
In some cases, there...
996
01:17Drug Nomenclature
2.3K
During the development of a new pharmaceutical, the manufacturer initially assigns a code name to the drug. Once approved, the drug receives a United States Adopted Name (USAN)—a generic, nonproprietary designation. Upon being listed in the United States Pharmacopeia, this nonproprietary name becomes the drug's official name. Additionally, the manufacturer assigns a proprietary name or trademark, which serves as the brand name under which the drug is marketed. It is worth noting that...
2.3K
01:19Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Overview
562
Nonlinear or dose-dependent pharmacokinetics is a phenomenon that occurs when the pharmacokinetic parameters of certain drugs deviate from linear pharmacokinetics at higher doses. These drugs do not follow the expected first-order kinetics, where the rate of drug elimination is directly proportional to the drug concentration. Instead, they exhibit a nonlinear relationship, which can be attributed to several factors.
Nonlinearity can arise due to the saturation of plasma protein-binding or...
Nonlinearity can arise due to the saturation of plasma protein-binding or...
562