长期暴露于空气污染和发病性痴呆症:系统性审查和元分析
Clare B Best Rogowski1, Christiaan Bredell2, Yan Shi3
1MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Cambridge, UK.
The Lancet. Planetary health
|July 27, 2025
概括
暴露于室外空气污染,包括细颗粒物 (PM2.5) 和二氧化,与痴呆症风险增加有关. 减少空气污染可以降低痴呆率,并提供显著的健康益处.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 流行病学 流行病学
背景情况:
- 越来越多的证据将户外空气污染与痴呆风险联系在一起.
- 自2022年以来发表的越来越多的研究突出了这一关联.
- 本综述综合了最新的研究,以批判性地评估证据.
研究的目的:
- 系统地审查和对长期暴露于室外空气污染和痴呆症的观察性研究进行元分析.
- 量化特定空气污染物与痴呆症发病率之间的关联.
- 评估证据的整体确定性.
主要方法:
- 对观察性研究进行系统审查和元分析 (MEDLINE,Embase等). 在2023年10月之前.
- 包括研究,对长期空气污染物暴露和痴呆症诊断进行定量分析.
- 使用随机效应模型对协调效应估计的元分析;使用OHAT工具评估偏差风险和证据确定性.
主要成果:
- 包含在元分析中的32项研究发现痴呆症与暴露于PM2.5 (HR 1.08每5μg/m3),二氧化 (HR 1.03每10μg/m3) 和黑碳/PM2.5吸收率 (HR 1.13每1μg/m3) 之间存在显著的关联.
- 对于氧化,PM10或年度臭氧,没有发现显著的关联,异质性中等到相当.
- 证据的整体确定性是中等的,大多数研究的偏差风险较低.
结论:
- 室外空气污染物是痴呆症的确诊危险因素.
- 减少对空气污染的暴露可能会降低痴呆症发病率.
- 更严格的空气质量标准可能会带来大量的公共卫生和经济效益.
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