城市景观往往会增加致病原生动物,微粒体和病毒的存在,但可能会减少野生蜜蜂和黄蜂中病毒的丰富性
Andrea Ferrari1, Giovanni Cilia2, Carlo Polidori1
1Department of Environmental Science and Policy (ESP), University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Insect science
|July 28, 2025
概括
城市化影响野生蜜蜂和黄蜂病原体. 温度和息地碎片化改变了病原体负载,影响因物种和病原体而异,突出了城市绿色空间管理的必要性.
科学领域:
- 生态生态学 生态生态学
- 城市生态城市生态学
- 昆虫病理学 昆虫病理学
背景情况:
- 野生蜜蜂和黄蜂共享病原体,但城市化对这些相互作用的影响尚不清楚.
- 城市化引入了环境压力因素,如温度升高和息地碎片化.
- 研究城市昆虫种群中的病原体动态对于了解生态系统健康至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 调查城市化,特别是温度和绿色空间的碎片化,如何影响野生蜜蜂和黄蜂的病原体负载.
- 确定病原体对城市环境因素的特定物种反应.
- 评估各种病原体在关键野生昆虫物种中的存在和复制.
主要方法:
- 在意大利北部的一个城市化梯度上采集了四种昆虫物种 (Anthophora plumipes,Halictus scabiosae,Osmia cornuta,Polistes dominula) 的样本.
- 对12种不同的病原体进行量化,包括Apicystis bombi,变形翼病毒 (DWV) 和慢性蜜蜂麻病毒 (CBPV).
- 在测量温度和绿色空间碎片化数据中分析病原体的发生和丰度.
主要成果:
- 病原体的存在/丰度和对城市化的反应是特定于物种的.
- 增加息地碎片化与Anthophora plumipes和Osmia cornuta中较高的Apicystis bombi发生率相关.
- 温度和碎片化减少了A. plumipes和O. cornuta的变形翼病毒 (DWV) 副本,而更高的温度分别增加了H. scabiosae和P. dominula的DWV和CBPV的可能性. 发现病毒是复制性的.
结论:
- 城市化显著调节野生蜜蜂和黄蜂的病原体负载.
- 与城市化相关的环境因素 (温度,碎片化) 对病原体动态有特定物种的影响.
- 城市绿地管理可能会减轻病原体对野生昆虫的影响,尽管症状结果需要进一步研究.
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