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牙形状和性别估计:对人工神经网络,支向量机器和随机森林模型进行基于3D几何形态标志的比较分析
Srikant Natarajan1,2, Junaid Ahmed2,3, Ruban Sundarraj4
1Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences, Mangalore, India.
3 Biotech
|July 28, 2025
概括
随机森林 (RF) 人工智能模型从3D牙科扫描中准确估计性别,超过SVM和ANN. 前显示出最多的性二态,突出了AI.
科学领域:
- 法医牙科 法医牙科
- 生物识别信息 生物识别信息
- 人工智能的人工智能
背景情况:
- 准确的性别估计在法医人类学和牙科学中至关重要.
- 传统的方法可以是主观的;人工智能提供了增强客观性的潜力.
- 3D几何形态测量提供了牙结构的详细空间数据.
研究的目的:
- 评估三种人工智能 (AI) 算法的有效性:支持矢量机 (SVM),人工神经网络 (ANN) 和随机森林 (RF).
- 用9个永久牙类的3D几何形态测量数据来评估AI在性别估计中的表现.
- 为了确定表现出最显著的两性变异的牙类,用于性别估计.
主要方法:
- 使用3D扫描仪对120名患者 (60名男性,60名女性,年龄在13-20岁) 的牙造型进行数字化.
- 在九种永久牙类型 (前牙和牙) 上识别了解剖学和几何学标志.
- 使用里程碑数据,交叉验证和性能指标 (准确性,精度,回忆,F1分数,AUC) 的ANN,SVM和RF模型的培训和评估.
主要成果:
- 随机森林 (RF) 在所有牙类型中表现出卓越的性能,达到最高的准确性 (97.95%用于下第二前).
- 大第一个牙和下第一个牙表现出最高的性二态.
- SVM表现中等,而ANN的准确度指标最低,女性分类有显著的偏差.
结论:
- 随机森林 (RF) 是使用3D牙科里程碑数据进行性别估计的最强大的AI模型,有效地处理复杂的空间关系.
- 传统的机器学习模型 (RF,SVM) 的表现优于ANN,这表明数据结构和特征工程对AI有效性的影响.
- 人工智能,特别是带有几何形态数据的射频,显示出在法医牙科学中提高客观性和准确性的巨大潜力.
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