一种针对复发性或耐火性B-ALL的CD19和CD22的双特异性CAR-T细胞疗法
Qiuling Ma1,2,3, Runhong Wei2,3, Qingming Wang4
1The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, 450046, Henan Province, China.
Clinical and experimental medicine
|July 28, 2025
概括
双特异性CD19-CD22CAR-T疗法对复发性或耐火性B系急性淋巴细胞白血病 (r/r B-ALL) 有希望. 这种双重向的方法有效地消除白血病细胞并改善患者的存活率,优于单一向的CAR-T治疗,副作用可控.
科学领域:
- 免疫治疗是一种免疫疗法.
- 血液学 血液学 血液学
- 在瘤学瘤学.
背景情况:
- 复发或耐药的B系急性淋巴细胞白血病 (r/r B-ALL) 是一个重大的临床挑战.
- 目前针对CD19或CD22的CAR-T疗法受到高抗原损失率的限制,导致疾病进展.
- 针对CD19和CD22的双特异性CAR-T疗法提供了一种潜在的策略,以克服抗原损失并提高治疗疗效.
研究的目的:
- 评估CD19-CD22双特异性CAR-T治疗在患有r/r B-ALL.患者中的临床前和临床疗效.
- 评估这种新型双向免疫疗法的安全性和耐受性.
- 研究CD19-CD22CAR-T疗法对患者存活率的影响,特别是与干细胞移植相结合时.
主要方法:
- 使用动物模型进行临床前研究,以评估CAR-T细胞细胞毒性和增殖抑制.
- 一期临床试验 (NCT04303520) 涉及35名患有r/r B-ALL.的参与者.
- 对不良事件的监测,包括细胞因子释放综合征和神经毒性,以及血液学和胃肠道障碍.
- 分析整体存活率 (OS) 和无进展存活率 (PFS),并监测炎症标志物.
主要成果:
- 临床前数据显示,CD19-CD22 CAR-T细胞对B-ALL细胞增殖具有有效的细胞毒性和抑制,其表现优于单一向的CAR-T细胞.
- 在I期试验中,37.1%的患者出现了细胞因子释放综合征 (CRS),只有一个III级病例;没有观察到神经毒性.
- 与单独使用CAR-T治疗相比,接受CAR-T治疗与干细胞移植相结合的患者的整体存活率 (中位数为21.49个月) 改善.
- 一年后的PFS和OS率分别为0.37和0.62,具有可管理的不良事件.
结论:
- 双特异性CD19-CD22CAR-T疗法显示出对r/r B-ALL的显著治疗潜力.
- 双向方法有效地克服了抗原损失,改善了患者的治疗结果.
- 这种免疫疗法耐受性良好,具有可管理的安全性,支持其在r/r B-ALL治疗中的作用.
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