成年人的语义变化并不是主要是代际现象
Gaurav Kamath1,2, Michelle Yang3, Siva Reddy1,2
1Department of Linguistics, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3A 1A7, Canada.
概括
语言意义的变化不是代际的. 虽然老年说话者采用新的词语意义稍慢一些,但大多数成年人很容易接受变化,这表明时代精神现象而不是代际变化.
科学领域:
- 语言学的语言学.
- 社会语言学 社会语言学
- 计算语言学 计算语言学
背景情况:
- 语言的变化经常被认为是代际或时代精神的现象.
- 了解词的意义进化需要检查说话者的年龄和采用模式.
研究的目的:
- 调查词语意义的变化是代际还是时代精神的过程.
- 分析说话者年龄在采用不断变化的词感方面所起的作用.
主要方法:
- 分析了790万份美国国会演讲中的100多个单词.
- 利用基于语言模型的词感感应来识别词感.
- 模拟的词语感应普遍性作为时间和说话者年龄的函数.
主要成果:
- 大多数单词显示说话者年龄的小但统计学上显著的影响.
- 老年发言者通常比年轻发言者更慢地采用了词语使用的变化.
- 对于老年说话者来说,在几年内采用了新的词语意义.
结论:
- 成熟的说话者之间的单词含义变化主要是时代精神的过程,而不是代际.
- 存在基于年龄的微小差异,但老年人很容易采用新的单词使用模式.
- 研究结果表明,语言创新在各个年龄组中迅速,广泛地被采用.
更多相关视频
09:01A Method for Investigating Age-related Differences in the Functional Connectivity of Cognitive Control Networks Associated with Dimensional Change Card Sort Performance
Published on: May 7, 2014
10.3K
10:13Assessment of Age-related Changes in Cognitive Functions Using EmoCogMeter, a Novel Tablet-computer Based Approach
Published on: February 14, 2014
13.8K
相关概念视频
01:24Revisionist Views of Adolescent and Adult Cognition
102
A revisionist approach to Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development has brought new insights that challenge and reinterpret his established ideas. Piaget proposed that the formal operational stage, emerging in adolescence, represents the culmination of cognitive maturity. During this stage, individuals are said to develop abstract thinking, engage in systematic problem-solving, and show a form of egocentrism, believing others are as preoccupied with their behavior as they are...
102
01:30Cognitive Development During Adulthood
282
Cognitive development continues throughout adulthood, undergoing significant shifts across early, middle, and late stages. Individual transition occurs from adolescent idealism to pragmatic and adaptable thinking in early adulthood. During this period, individuals learn to integrate personal beliefs with the recognition that other perspectives are equally valid. Exposure to the complexities of modern society, diverse experiences, and higher education contribute to this adaptive thought process,...
282
01:25Piaget's Theory of Cognitive Development from Childhood into Adulthood
346
Jean Piaget's theory of cognitive development emphasizes the role of thinking in a child's learning process, suggesting that children are naturally curious about their environment. His approach to development is discontinuous, proposing that cognitive abilities progress through distinct stages, each with unique characteristics. Central to Piaget's theory is schemata—mental structures that allow individuals to understand and interpret the world.
Schemata: Building Blocks of Knowledge
Schemata: Building Blocks of Knowledge
346
01:27Emerging Adulthood
193
Jeffrey Arnett's concept of emerging adulthood offers a framework to understand the unique developmental stage between adolescence and full-fledged adulthood, generally from ages 18 to 25. This period is marked by extensive exploration and shifts in identity, relationships, and career choices, a process known in psychology as role experimentation. Emerging adulthood reflects the evolving cultural expectations surrounding adulthood and the dynamic process of personal transformation during...
193
01:27Introduction to Developmental Psychology
543
Developmental psychology explores the changes and continuities in human abilities throughout life, encompassing physical, cognitive, linguistic, and social dimensions. Human development is not restricted to growth, but includes aspects of decline, particularly in physical abilities as individuals age. Developmental psychologists seek to understand how people change as they age and how their mental and social skills evolve.Developmental MilestonesA key concept in developmental psychology is...
543
01:27Erikson's Theory on Socioemotional Development during Adulthood
294
Erik Erikson's theory of psychosocial development outlines a series of stages through which individuals progress across the lifespan. Each stage involves a psychosocial conflict that significantly influences personal growth and well-being. Three key stages — intimacy versus isolation, generativity versus stagnation, and integrity versus despair — highlight the developmental challenges faced in adulthood.
Intimacy Versus Isolation in Early Adulthood
Individuals in early...
Intimacy Versus Isolation in Early Adulthood
Individuals in early...
294