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跨物种的细胞质多态性与种子形状和干旱性有关,它涉及多种日向物种

Gregory L Owens¹, Zhe Cai², Natalia Bercovich²

¹Department of Biology, University of Victoria, Victoria, BC V8W 2Y2, Canada.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

|July 28, 2025

概括

植物细胞质基因组,就像叶绿体一样,可以通过内进来跨越物种界限. 这项对向日的研究揭示了细胞质变异与种子形状和干旱环境有关,有助于当地适应.

科学领域:

植物基因组学植物基因组学
进化生物学是进化的生物学.
生态生态学生态生态学

背景情况:

植物和动物的细胞质基因组 (叶绿体和线粒体DNA) 通常与物种界限不一致.
驱动细胞质基因组模式的机制及其与表型特征或环境的联系尚不清楚.

研究的目的:

调查向日属 (Helianthus) 中细胞质基因组变异对环境和表型的影响.
确定细胞质层是否与特定的特征或环境条件有关,并探索它们在当地适应中的作用.

主要方法:

分析了来自14种Helianthus taxa的1554个已发表的和185个新的全基因组序列.
整合了来自常见花园实验的91个表型特征和39个环境变量.
植物遗传学分析以识别叶绿体和线粒体基团并推断内进事件.

主要成果:

在多种向日物种中确定了两种不同的叶片,主要是由于内进而共享,而不是不完整的血统分类.
两种线粒体基因组在很大程度上反映了叶绿体基因组,这表明这两种细胞质基因组的遗传主要来自母亲.
细胞质类与种子形状差异和潜在的干旱性相关联,表明它们在本地适应中发挥了作用.
在质体和核变异之间没有检测到显著的细胞核相互作用.

结论:

一年生向日的细胞质基因组表现出跨物种平衡的多态性,可能是通过适应各种环境来维持的.
细胞质基因组跨越生殖障碍的侵入可以促进物种复合体内的环境适应,支持综合体概念.

关键词:

细胞质基因组的细胞质基因组.这是一个内进的进攻.地方适应地方适应太阳花,向日的使用.跨物种的多态性多态性.

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相关概念视频

Formation of Species

Formation of Species

Speciation describes the formation of one or more new species from one or sometimes multiple original species. The resulting species are discrete from the parent species, and barriers to reproduction will typically exist. There are two primary mechanisms, speciation with and without geographic isolation—allopatric and sympatric speciation, respectively.

Genetics of Speciation

Genetics of Speciation

Speciation is the evolutionary process resulting in the formation of new, distinct species—groups of reproductively isolated populations.

Dihybrid Crosses

Dihybrid Crosses

Frequency-dependent Selection

Frequency-dependent Selection

When the fitness of a trait is influenced by how common it is (i.e., its frequency) relative to different traits within a population, this is referred to as frequency-dependent selection. Frequency-dependent selection may occur between species or within a single species. This type of selection can either be positive—with more common phenotypes having higher fitness—or negative, with rarer phenotypes conferring increased fitness.

What is a Species?

What is a Species?

Trihybrid Crosses

Trihybrid Crosses

Trihybrid Crosses
Some of Mendel’s crosses examined three pairs of contrasting characteristics. Such a cross is called a trihybrid cross. A trihybrid cross is a combination of three individual monohybrid crosses. For example, plant height (tall vs. short), seed shape (round vs. wrinkled), and seed color (yellow vs. green).
The F1 generation plants of a trihybrid cross are heterozygous for all three traits and produce eight gametes. Upon self-fertilization, these gametes have an equal...