在早期语言模型中测试模拟利他主义的完成
Tim Johnson1, Nick Obradovich2
1Atkinson School of Management, Willamette University, Salem, OR, USA. tjohnson@willamette.edu.
Nature human behaviour
|July 28, 2025
概括
大型语言模型 (LLM) 在独裁者游戏实验中测试了模拟的利他主义. 一个模型,text-davinci-003,在社会任务中显示出利他主义行为,但在非社会任务中没有.
科学领域:
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 行为经济学是一种行为经济学.
- 认知科学 认知科学
背景情况:
- 合作行为,包括利他主义,是社会复杂性的基础.
- 独裁者游戏实验是衡量人类利他主义的标准.
- 先进的大型语言模型 (LLM) 的出现需要评估其模拟的社会行为.
研究的目的:
- 调查广泛使用的大型语言模型是否模拟利他主义行为.
- 为了比较社会 (独裁者游戏) 与非社会决策任务中的LLM响应.
- 探索模型参数和提示变化的对模拟利他主义的影响.
主要方法:
- 提示LLMs与文本输入类似于人类独裁者游戏实验中的内容.
- 分析模型完成模拟利他主义和回报最大化.
- 用各种提示,参数和后续模型 (例如,GPT-4) 重复实验.
- 采用可解释的人工智能技术来理解决策驱动因素.
主要成果:
- 在独裁者游戏场景中,OpenAI的text-davinci-003始终模拟着利他主义.
- 同一个模型模拟了非社会决策任务中的回报最大化.
- 在复制,即时变化和GPT-4中观察到类似的模式.
- 可解释的AI表明,专注于参与者的需求,而不是游戏知识,影响了模拟的利他主义.
结论:
- 一些LLM可以模拟社会背景中的利他主义行为,与他们在非社会任务中的表现不同.
- 模拟的利他主义似乎对框架和关注社会需求很敏感.
- 需要进一步的研究来理解人工智能中模拟社会行为的机制和影响.
更多相关视频
11:14A Novel Experimental and Analytical Approach to the Multimodal Neural Decoding of Intent During Social Interaction in Freely-behaving Human Infants
Published on: October 4, 2015
11.0K
06:35Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm
Published on: April 28, 2016
34.2K
相关概念视频
Altruism
41.6K
Altruistic behaviors are “unselfish” behaviors—those that help another individual at the expense of the individual carrying out the behavior. Despite the negative consequences for the altruistic animal, these behaviors are thought to have evolved for several reasons.
41.6K
Nonconscious Mimicry
4.6K
Nonconscious mimicry occurs when individuals alter their mannerisms to match the behaviors and expressions of those nearby, without intention.
4.6K
Egoism and Altruism
92.2K
Voluntary behavior with the intent to help other people is called prosocial behavior. Why do people help other people? Is personal benefit such as feeling good about oneself the only reason people help one another?
92.2K
Language Development
454
Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
454
Language and Cognition
444
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
444
Purposive Learning
207
E. C. Tolman emphasized the purposiveness of behavior — the idea that much of our behavior is goal-directed. For instance, employees who aim for a promotion work diligently to meet their targets. Tolman argued that when classical conditioning and operant conditioning occur, the organism acquires certain expectations. In classical conditioning, a child might fear a dog because they expect it to bite. In operant conditioning, a person might consistently work overtime because they expect a...
207
