生物材料中的弹性能量储存:内部应力及其功能.
Shahrouz Amini1,2, Paul Zaslansky3, Boaz Pokroy4
1Department of Biomaterials, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, 14476, Potsdam, Germany.
Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
|July 29, 2025
概括
生物材料通过化学机械过程储存弹性能量,从而实现诸如形状变化和运动等功能. 本综述探讨了这种储存能量是如何产生,储存和释放的,用于各种生物应用.
科学领域:
- 生物物理学的生物物理.
- 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
- 生物力学 生物力学
背景情况:
- 生物材料往往是异质的和异质的,其成分具有不同的弹性特性.
- 化学机械能量转换 (例如,吸水,结晶) 在生物结构中产生力量.
- 这些过程中的不适应应变量会造成内部压力,储存对生物功能至关重要的弹性能量.
研究的目的:
- 调查生物材料内部产生的弹性能量的基本方面.
- 突出弹性储能对各种生物功能的重要性.
- 审查生物系统如何产生,储存和释放弹性能量.
主要方法:
- 综述各种生物材料,包括植物种子,甲动物附属物,弹性舌头和矿物化组织.
- 分析诸如原子/蛋白质结合,蛋白质构成变化,相变化和透压力等现象.
- 检查储能和释放机制的功能影响.
主要成果:
- 弹性能量储存对于生物功能至关重要,例如改变形状,运动,捕食,强化,硬化和弹道运动.
- 生物系统战略性地操纵诸如结晶,蛋白质构成和透压力等现象来储存弹性能量.
- 这些机制充当"弹性能源电池",通过基于结构的能源管理来促进高效,进化适应的功能.
结论:
- 内部生成的弹性能量在生物材料的功能中起着关键的,但却被低估的作用.
- 了解弹性储能能提供了对先进生物材料设计原理的洞察.
- 这种储存的能量能够在广泛的生物系统中实现高效和适应性的功能.
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