开发基于机器学习的子模型,用于预测乳母奶牛的净蛋白质需求
Mingyung Lee1, Dong Hyeon Kim2, Seongwon Seo3
1Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-2471, USA.
Animals : an open access journal from MDPI
|July 29, 2025
概括
机器学习模型准确地预测了哺乳乳奶牛的蛋白质需求. 随机森林回归 (RFR) 性能优于支向量回归 (SVR),为估计营养需求提供了更简单的方法.
科学领域:
- 动物营养和新陈代谢
- 机器学习在农业中的应用
- 乳制品科学 乳制品科学
背景情况:
- 准确估计哺乳期奶牛的蛋白质需求对于饮食配方,料效率和减少排泄至关重要.
- 计算蛋白质需求的现有方法可能是复杂的和数据密集的.
研究的目的:
- 开发和评估机器学习模型,特别是随机森林回归 (RFR) 和支持矢量回归 (SVR),用于预测乳牛的维护 (NPm) 和哺乳 (NPl) 净蛋白质需求.
- 用农场准备的输入变量评估这些模型的预测性能.
主要方法:
- 编制了来自436个出版物和数据库的1779个观测数据集.
- 使用的预测变量包括牛奶产量,干物质摄入量,牛奶中的天数,体重和饮食原蛋白.
- 估计的NPm使用国家科学,工程和医学院 (NASEM, 2021) 的方程和NPl从牛奶真正的蛋白质产量.
- 采用十倍交叉验证来评估模型的充分性.
主要成果:
- 与SVR相比,RFR模型实现了NPm (R2 = 0.82,RMSEP = 22.38 g/d,CCC = 0.89) 和NPl (R2 = 0.82,RMSEP = 95.17 g/d,CCC = 0.89) 的优异预测性能.
- RFR的有效性凸显了它能够捕捉NASEM方程的基于规则的性质的能力.
- 这些模型证明了使用减少的一组输入变量精确估计蛋白质需求的潜力.
结论:
- 随机森林回归为估计乳牛蛋白质需求提供了一种强大且可能更简单的机器学习方法.
- 这些模型可以帮助制定更精确的饮食,提高料利用率,并最大限度地减少对环境的影响.
- 未来的研究应该在现场环境中验证这些模型,并探索混合机械机器学习框架.
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