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全球研究吉尼系数与自杀率之间的关系
Juncheng Lyu1, Jie Zhang2,3, Dorian A Lamis4
1School of Public Health, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.
概括
用吉尼系数衡量的收入不平等程度较高,通常与全球自杀率较低有关. 然而,低收入国家显示出相反的趋势,不平等的增加与更高的自杀率相关.
科学领域:
- 社会经济学和公共卫生学
- 精神健康的流行病学精神健康的流行病学.
背景情况:
- 吉尼系数量化了经济不平等,但其与全球自杀率的关系仍未得到充分研究.
- 现有的研究还没有充分探讨跨国收入分配,相对贫困和自杀倾向之间的联系.
研究的目的:
- 调查基尼系数增加与更大的相对贫困和更高的自杀率相关的假设.
- 检查相对贫困对不同收入水平国家的自杀倾向的影响.
- 分析基尼系数与自杀率之间的性别相关性.
主要方法:
- 利用世界卫生组织 (WHO) 关于国家自杀率的数据和世界银行关于吉尼系数的数据.
- 使用SPSS 21.0.0进行了基尼系数和自杀率之间的相关性分析.
- 按国家收入水平和性别进行分层分析.
主要成果:
- 从2017年到2019年,自杀率和吉尼系数的整体略有下降.
- 在全球范围内,吉尼系数和自杀率之间发现了整体负相关性.
- 低收入国家表现出一种积极的关联:更高的吉尼系数与更高的自杀率相关.
- 性别相关性因收入水平而异,女性在低收入/高收入国家表现出更强的相关性,男性在中等收入国家表现出更强的相关性.
结论:
- 全球吉尼系数与自杀率有负相关性,但在低收入国家,这一趋势反转.
- 相对贫困,受经济发展的影响,并由压力理论解释,影响自杀倾向.
- 需要进一步的研究,以了解经济不平等和自杀之间的微妙关系在不同的经济环境.
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