用卷积和混合模型对可解释的组织学分类进行透规范化的注意
Pedro L Miguel1, Leandro A Neves1, Alessandra Lumini2
1Department of Computer Science and Statistics (DCCE), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, São José do Rio Preto 15054-000, São Paulo, Brazil.
Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 29, 2025
概括
这项研究引入了一个新的框架,以提高深度学习模型在组织学图像分类中的可解释性. 该方法增强可视化热图,提供更清晰的见解,而不牺牲准确性.
科学领域:
- 组织病理学 组织病理学
- 医疗成像医学成像
- 计算机视觉 计算机视觉
背景情况:
- 像CNN和ViT这样的深度学习模型在组织学图像分类方面表现出色.
- 然而,这些模型往往缺乏解释性,阻碍了临床信任和采用.
- 了解模型决策对于可靠的诊断工具至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 开发一个统一的框架,以提高深度学习模型在组织学图像分类中的可解释性.
- 为了提高可视化质量,使用Grad-CAM等方法生成的热图.
- 量化评估拟议框架对可解释性和分类性能的影响.
主要方法:
- 引入了一个统一的框架,包括注意力分支和CAM培养 (基于的调节器).
- 在五个H&E染色数据集上训练了六个骨干架构 (ResNet-50,DenseNet-201,EfficientNet-b0,ResNeXt-50,ConvNeXt,CoatNet-small).
- 使用诸如连贯性,复杂性,信心下降和它们的平均值 (ADCC) 等指标评估解释质量.
主要成果:
- 拟议的方法在六个骨干中的五个增加了ADCC,ResNet-50显示出最大的收益 (+15.65%).
- 在一个非霍奇金淋巴瘤数据集中,CoatNet-small获得了最高的ADCC总分 (+2.69%),达到77.90%.
- 在四个测试模型中,分类准确性保持稳定或改善.
结论:
- 结合注意力机制和基于的规范化,可以产生更清晰,更具信息性的热图.
- 该框架提高了模型的可解释性,而不会降低分类性能.
- 这些贡献包括各种模型的模块化架构和可解释性的定量评估套件.
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