孤独,社会隔离和对痴呆症患者认知能力下降的影响:使用自然语言处理进行的一项回顾性队列研究
James A C Myers1,2,3,4, Tom Stafford1,2, Ivan Koychev3,5
1School of Psychology University of Sheffield, ICOSS Sheffield UK.
Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
|July 29, 2025
概括
社会隔离和孤独与认知功能下降和痴呆症患者的衰退速度更快有关. 这些因素可能会随着时间的推移显著影响痴呆症的进展和认知轨迹.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 老年学是一门学科.
- 精神病学是一个精神病学.
背景情况:
- 社会隔离和孤独越来越被认为是影响健康结果的重要因素.
- 了解它们对痴呆症认知功能的影响对于患者护理至关重要.
- 以前的研究表明存在联系,但特定的认知轨迹需要进一步调查.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较痴呆症患者的认知轨迹,有或没有报告的社会隔离和孤独.
- 量化孤独,社会隔离和认知衰退之间的关联.
- 探索解决社会隔离和孤独的潜力,以减轻痴呆症的进展.
主要方法:
- 利用自然语言处理 (NLP) 来从电子健康记录中识别社会隔离和孤独.
- 提取了蒙特利尔认知评估 (MoCA) 对痴呆症患者的得分.
- 采用混合效应模型来分析与社会隔离和孤独有关的认知轨迹.
主要成果:
- 报告孤独的患者在诊断时和整个疾病期间的MoCA得分明显较低.
- 在社会上孤立的患者在诊断前的时期表现出更快的认知衰退率.
- 这些发现表明,孤独和社会隔离对痴呆症认知表现有可衡量的影响.
结论:
- 孤独和社会孤立与较差的认知状态和痴呆症患者的加速衰退有关.
- 这些社会因素可能在痴呆症的进展中起到促进作用.
- 针对社会隔离和孤独,为旨在减缓认知衰退的干预提供了一个有希望的途径.
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