认知任务可能偏向于通用主义者:来自野生非欧社会蜜蜂的教训
Tovah Kashetsky1, Nigel E Raine2, Jessica R K Forrest1
1University of Ottawa, Department of Biology, 30 Marie Curie Private, Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada.
概括
专业蜜蜂和通用蜜蜂的学习速度相似,但专业蜜蜂随着时间的推移减少了任务参与. 这表明专家可能会避免新的刺激,影响不同物种的认知任务设计.
科学领域:
- 行为生态学 行为生态学
- 认知进化的认知进化
背景情况:
- 在动物中,生态和认知能力是相互关联的.
- 饮食的宽度与脊椎动物的学习和探索相关,一般医生通常表现优于专家.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较专业和通用蜜蜂种类的协会学习和探索.
- 研究蜜蜂的饮食范围,学习和探索之间的关系.
主要方法:
- 在封闭环境中使用自由移动的鼻延伸响应 (FMPER) 任务.
- 将数据与已发布的数据集结合起来,以进行更广泛的物种比较.
- 采用了基因组学信息的通用线性混合模型.
主要成果:
- 专业蜜蜂和通用蜜蜂都没有提高准确性,但两者都学会了更快地从奖励中喝酒.
- 探索,以饮酒延迟来衡量,随着时间的推移而减少,而没有饮食宽度的影响.
- 与通用主义者相比,专业蜜蜂的参与率明显较低,参与任务的参与率下降.
结论:
- 专业蜜蜂和通用蜜蜂表现出相似的关联学习能力.
- 专业蜜蜂可能更犹不决地与新兴刺激接触.
- 认知任务需要适应各种生活历史特征,以公平地衡量能力.
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