健康家庭研究:在负担得起的住房中进行基于地点的无烟家庭干预的集群随机试验的协议
Mark R Hawes1, Deepalika Chakravarty2, Jing Cheng3
1Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education and Benioff Housing and Homelessness Initiative, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America.
PloS one
|July 29, 2025
概括
这项研究引入了无烟家庭干预措施,用于负担得起的住房居民,以减少二手烟的暴露. 目标是鼓励自愿的无烟家庭采用,并改善弱势群体的健康结果.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 健康 公平 卫生 公平
- 行为科学 行为科学
背景情况:
- 全面的清洁空气政策对于减少接触烟草和大麻烟雾至关重要,但往往排除了多个单位负担得起的住房的居民.
- 少数群体的人口不成比例地居住在负担得起的住房中,面临着二手烟的更高风险.
- 促进自愿的无烟家庭规则是改善生活环境的关键策略.
研究的目的:
- 评估无烟家庭干预措施对负担得起的住房居民的有效性.
- 评估自愿采用无烟家庭规则及其对戒烟的影响.
- 通过减少贫困社区的二手烟暴露,解决健康不平等问题.
主要方法:
- 一个等待列表集群随机对照试验 (RCT),涉及48个负担得起的住房网站的544名居民.
- 干预措施是根据能力机会动机-行为 (COM-B) 模型和行为变化轮适应的.
- 居民接受指导;住房工作人员接受培训,成为非专业卫生工作者;在3个月和6个月后进行后续检查;多语言交付.
主要成果:
- 主要结果:在6个月时自愿采用无烟家庭90天以上.
- 二次结果:一氧化碳验证点的流行率,烟草戒断.
- 使用实施研究综合框架评估成本效益和实施结果.
结论:
- 在负担得起的住房中扩大无烟政策对于减少种族和民族健康差异至关重要.
- 该研究旨在支持自愿的无烟家庭收养,提高戒烟率,减少二手烟的暴露.
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