绘制国内代孕的路径:确定荷兰的关键促进者和障碍
Malene Tanderup1,2, Lone Schmidt3, Amrita Pande4
1Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Denmark.
PloS one
|July 29, 2025
概括
荷兰的家庭代孕面临着障碍,原因是缺少父母和支付的法律框架,尽管允许利他性的妊娠代孕. 法律改革对于其成功实施和不育个体的可访问性至关重要.
科学领域:
- 生殖医学和法律.
- 家庭和生殖的社会学.
- 医疗保健政策和伦理学
背景情况:
- 代孕是一种辅助生殖的过程,涉及复杂的医疗,伦理,法律和财务因素.
- 全球关于代孕的立法各不相同,最近的趋势是由于道德和法律问题,更倾向于国内安排而不是国际安排.
- 现有的文献广泛涵盖了代孕的个人挑战,但缺乏对实施因素的整体分析.
研究的目的:
- 确定当前的促进者和为成功实施和延续荷兰国内代孕成功实施和延续的基本要素.
- 分析影响代孕实施的医疗,道德,法律和社会文化因素的相互作用.
主要方法:
- 采用了定性案例研究方法,包括采访和文档分析.
- 有目的的抽样针对14名参与荷兰代孕的专家,包括医疗保健专业人员,政策制定者,法律专家和非政府组织代表.
- 复杂干预的上下文和实施 (CICI) 框架指导了上下文因素的诱导和演分析.
主要成果:
- 由CICI框架确定的主要影响领域包括法律 (缺乏亲属关系/支付框架),政治 (专家影响,合作),道德 (专业对患者选择的影响) 和社会文化 (捐赠文化,公众论).
- 显著的障碍包括对亲属关系缺乏法律框架,有限的生育服务,以及代孕候选人的短缺.
- 促进者涉及专业人士和非政府组织之间的密切合作,得到立法发展的政治体系的支持.
结论:
- 荷兰的国内代孕在很大程度上仍然无法获得,完全采用等待全面的法律改革.
- 目前的情况反映了其他国家未解决的代孕立法,突出了法律进步的必要性.
- 如果没有更新的法律框架,特别是关于合法亲属权和支付的法律框架,国内代孕的可访问性和实施将继续受到限制.
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