在可持续建筑设计中优化空间加热效率,采用多标准决策方法,并采用模型预测控制
Zheng Qi1, Nan Zhou2, Xianwei Feng3
1College for Creative Studies, Changzhou Vocational Institute of Mechatronic Technology, Changzhou, 214163, Jiangsu, China. qixiaozheng@163.com.
Scientific reports
|July 29, 2025
概括
这项研究使用先进的控制来优化近零能源建筑 (nZEB) 的空间加热. 这种新的框架降低了高达17%的供暖成本,同时在寒冷的气候中保持了热舒适度.
科学领域:
- 建筑科学 建筑科学
- 可持续能源系统 可持续能源系统
- 在HVAC中的人工智能
背景情况:
- 高效的空间加热对于可持续建筑至关重要,它会影响能源消耗,成本和居住者的舒适性.
- 近零能源建筑 (nZEBs) 需要优化加热策略,特别是在像挪威奥斯陆这样的寒冷气候中.
- 在nZEB设计中,平衡供暖成本和热舒适度是一个关键挑战.
研究的目的:
- 在奥斯陆的nZEB中研究优化空间加热的先进控制策略.
- 探索一种新的模型预测控制 (MPC) 框架如何有效地平衡供暖成本和热舒适度.
- 评估将预测控制集成到实时建筑管理中的潜力.
主要方法:
- 开发一种新的模型预测控制 (MPC) 框架,集成长期短期记忆 (LSTM) 神经网络进行预测和巢算法 (ANA) 进行优化.
- 利用EnergyPlus模拟和真实天气数据进行动态室内温度和加热需求预测.
- 纳入ASHRAE标准55适应性舒适性约束,并执行帕雷托集分析以获得优化结果.
主要成果:
- 拟议的MPC框架证明了将加热成本 (HC) 和舒适性罚款 (CP) 同时降至最低的能力.
- 与传统方法相比,每天节省高达17%的供暖成本.
- 在整个优化过程中,保持了可比的热舒适度水平.
结论:
- 新的MPC框架为在寒冷的气候条件下优化nZEBs空间加热提供了一个有希望的方法.
- 该框架有可能集成到用于建筑物实时预测控制的自动化系统中.
- 这项研究有助于在可持续建筑设计中提高能源效率和乘客舒适度.
相关概念视频
02:44Heating and Cooling Curves
24.0K
When a substance—isolated from its environment—is subjected to heat changes, corresponding changes in temperature and phase of the substance is observed; this is graphically represented by heating and cooling curves.
For instance, the addition of heat raises the temperature of a solid; the amount of heat absorbed depends on the heat capacity of the solid (q = mcsolidΔT). According to thermochemistry, the relation between the amount of heat absorbed or released by a substance, q, and its...
For instance, the addition of heat raises the temperature of a solid; the amount of heat absorbed depends on the heat capacity of the solid (q = mcsolidΔT). According to thermochemistry, the relation between the amount of heat absorbed or released by a substance, q, and its...
24.0K
01:26Design Example: Sustainability in Concrete Building
228
As the construction industry moves towards more eco-friendly practices, concrete's adaptability and its ability to incorporate sustainable features make it a key material in the drive towards greener building solutions.
There are multiple approaches to achieve sustainability in a commercial concrete building. For instance, construct a concrete parking area under the building, utilizing pervious concrete paver blocks in open areas to facilitate rainwater collection through an underground...
There are multiple approaches to achieve sustainability in a commercial concrete building. For instance, construct a concrete parking area under the building, utilizing pervious concrete paver blocks in open areas to facilitate rainwater collection through an underground...
228
01:19PID Controller
238
Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controllers are widely used in various control systems to enhance stability and performance. In a thermostat, it adjusts heating or cooling based on the temperature difference between the actual and desired levels. They are often used in automotive speed systems, effectively managing sudden speed changes while maintaining a constant speed under varying conditions. On the other hand, PI controllers, commonly employed in voltage regulation, enhance stability...
238
01:25Control Systems: Applications
742
Electrical engineering plays a pivotal role in our daily lives, with control systems at the heart of many applications, from home appliances to sophisticated space shuttles. Control systems manage and regulate the behavior of devices and processes, ensuring they function safely, correctly, and efficiently.
In modern vehicles, control systems manage various functions to enhance performance and safety. The steering wheel and accelerator are primary inputs in a car's control system. The...
In modern vehicles, control systems manage various functions to enhance performance and safety. The steering wheel and accelerator are primary inputs in a car's control system. The...
742
01:23Insulation Coordination
232
Insulation coordination is the process of matching electric equipment's insulation strength with protective device characteristics to protect the equipment against expected overvoltages. This selection is based on engineering judgment and cost. Equipment can generally withstand short-duration high transient overvoltages, but repeated tests with identical waveforms can yield inconsistent results. As a result, standard impulse voltage waveforms are used for testing, defined by specific times...
232
01:16Energy Conservation and Bernoulli's Equation
9.4K
Applying the conservation of energy principle or the work-energy theorem to an incompressible, inviscid fluid in laminar, steady, irrotational flow leads to Bernoulli's equation. It states that the sum of the fluid pressure, potential, and kinetic energy per unit volume is constant along a streamline.
All the terms in the equation have the dimension of energy per unit volume. The kinetic energy per unit volume is called the kinetic energy density, and the potential energy per unit volume is...
All the terms in the equation have the dimension of energy per unit volume. The kinetic energy per unit volume is called the kinetic energy density, and the potential energy per unit volume is...
9.4K