了解发达国家和发展中国家的粮食损失模式,使用GDP,增长率和基于卫生支出的类型学
1Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Graduate School, Istanbul Okan University, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Scientific reports
|July 29, 2025
概括
粮食损失和浪费 (FLW) 在收获时不成比例地影响发展中国家,而发达国家则经历了重大的消费损失. 有针对性的干预措施对于实现可持续发展目标12.3.3至关重要.
科学领域:
- 农业经济学 农业经济学
- 发展研究 发展研究 研究
- 环境科学 环境科学
背景情况:
- 粮食损失和浪费阻碍实现可持续发展目标的进展 12.3.3.
- 在不同的国家发展阶段FLW的分布没有得到很好的量化.
- 了解这些模式对于有效的全球粮食安全战略至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 用经济指标根据发展阶段对国家进行分类.
- 在商品组和供应链阶段量化粮食损失百分比 (FLP).
- 为制定有针对性的政策建议,识别飞行员的发展特异性模式.
主要方法:
- 对105个国家 (2000-2022) 开发了一个时间加权的K-平均值类型,使用人均GDP,GDP增长和人均卫生支出.
- 国家被分为发达国家,发展中国家或混合国家.
- 多层混合效应回归被用于模拟跨商品组和供应链阶段的FLP,与国家类型学和粮农组织FLW数据联系在一起.
主要成果:
- 发达国家消费阶段损失最高 (22.5%),而发展中国家面临更大的收获/农场损失 (3.7%).
- 发展中国家的粮食,油和豆类的FLP明显较低.
- 趋势表明油和糖损失增加,根/和乳制品/蛋损失减少,营销/零售损失增加.
结论:
- 在消费和加工阶段的食物损失方面存在重大发展差距.
- 建议在高收入国家采取消费者行为干预措施,同时在发展中国家进行上游基础设施投资.
- 提供了一个可扩展的,政策准备的类型学,以指导与SDG 12.3.3保持一致的有针对性的FLW减少行动.
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