相关实验视频
Updated: Sep 13, 2025

11:13
Using Mouse Oocytes to Assess Human Gene Function During Meiosis I
Published on: April 10, 2018
9.0K
衰老对人类卵细胞基因表达的影响:对年轻和老年患者的比较分析
Raoul Orvieto1,2,3, Omri Nayshool4, Louisa Cohen4
1Infertility and IVF Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center (Tel Hashomer), Ramat Gan, Israel. Raoul.orvieto@sheba.health.gov.il.
Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E
|July 29, 2025
概括
衰老显著改变了人类生殖囊泡 (GV) 卵细胞中的基因表达,影响了对生殖健康至关重要的途径. 识别这些与年龄相关的基因表达变化可以帮助开发卵细胞质量和潜在生育治疗的生物标志物.
科学领域:
- 生殖生物学 生殖生物学
- 基因组学就是基因组学.
- 衰老研究研究 衰老研究
背景情况:
- 卵细胞质量和活力随着年龄的增长而下降,这是由于细胞关键路径中基因表达的改变.
- 以前的研究强调了成熟 (MII) 卵细胞中与年龄相关的基因表达差异.
- 衰老影响线粒体功能,转录水平从生殖囊泡 (GV) 降低到MII阶段,特别是在较老的卵细胞中.
研究的目的:
- 研究人类生殖囊泡 (GV) 卵细胞中与年龄相关的基因表达差异.
- 为了比较来自年轻和老年患者的卵细胞之间的基因表达特征.
主要方法:
- 单细胞RNA深度测序用于来自年轻 (16-29岁) 和老年 (38-40岁) 捐赠者的GV卵细胞.
- 为了准备RNA库,使用了NEBNext®单细胞/低输入RNA库准备套件.
- 用Subread (featureCounts) 和MultiQC进行基因表达量化和质量控制,qPCR验证关键基因.
主要成果:
- 在前十个显著差异表达的基因中,有七个基因在年轻卵细胞和老卵细胞中下调,包括LINC02087 (最下调) 和POMZP3.
- 三个基因,CLEC3A,ARPP21和CITED2 (最上调),在年轻卵细胞中显著上调.
- 这些发现表明,衰老影响涉及染色体稳定性,表观遗传调节,线粒体功能等途径,在单细胞和聚合RNASeq.中一致.
结论:
- 了解与年龄相关的卵细胞转录组变化可以确定卵细胞质量的生物标志物.
- 老化卵细胞中差异表达的基因为其发展潜力提供了洞察力.
- 这项研究为改善生殖寿命和辅助生殖技术成果的治疗干预提供了可能性.
相关概念视频
Oogenesis
64.4K
In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
64.4K
The Effect of Aging on Tissues
2.5K
Several body functions deteriorate with age. The external signs of aging are easily identifiable. For example, the skin becomes dry, less elastic, and thins out, forming wrinkles. The skin of the face begins to appear looser due to a decrease in the levels of elastic and collagen fibers in the connective tissue. Additionally, melanin production in the hair follicle decreases with age, resulting in gray hair. Moreover, the senses of sight and hearing decline, so glasses and hearing aids may...
2.5K
Nondisjunction
4.1K
Nondisjunction is the failure of homologous chromosomes or sister chromatids to separate correctly and move to the opposite poles of the cells. This produces daughter cells with abnormal chromosome numbers. Nondisjunction is common during anaphase I or anaphase II of meiosis. Mutations in synaptonemal complex proteins that attach homologous chromosomes increase the chances of nondisjunction in anaphase I of meiosis I. In contrast, mutations in topoisomerases and condensins that hold...
4.1K
Aging
185
Aging is a complex biological phenomenon influenced by various processes that affect cellular and systemic functions. Several prominent theories attempt to explain its mechanisms, highlighting cellular limitations, oxidative damage, and hormonal changes as central factors in aging.
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
Cellular Clock Theory
The cellular clock theory posits that the human lifespan is closely tied to the finite capacity of cells to divide, a phenomenon governed by telomeres, which are protective caps at the ends of...
185
mRNA Stability and Gene Expression
5.7K
The structure and stability of mRNA molecules regulates gene expression, as mRNAs are a key step in the pathway from gene to protein. In eukaryotes, the half-life of mRNA varies from a few minutes up to several days. mRNA stability is essential in growth and development. The absence of the proteins regulating its stability, such as tristetraprolin in mice, can cause systemic issues, including bone marrow overgrowth, inflammation, and autoimmunity.
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
Cis-acting Elements involved in mRNA stability
5.7K
Meiosis I
41.3K
Meiosis is the division of a diploid cell into haploid cells forming sperm and eggs in animals through differentiation. Meiosis I is the first stage of meiosis, where the genetic recombination of homologous chromosomes and the reduction of the ploidy level by half occurs.
Prophase I is the most extended and complex step of meiosis I characterized by synapsis, chromosome pairing, and recombination of the homologous chromosomes. This process is facilitated by a proteinaceous structure called the...
Prophase I is the most extended and complex step of meiosis I characterized by synapsis, chromosome pairing, and recombination of the homologous chromosomes. This process is facilitated by a proteinaceous structure called the...
41.3K

