通过压力评估和认知反应,正念可以减少青少年的抑郁症:来自四波长度研究的证据
Filipa Ćavar Mišković1, Goran Milas1
1Institute of Social Sciences "Ivo Pilar", 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania)
|July 30, 2025
概括
通过直接的认知途径和间接的压力评估,正念显著减少了青少年的抑郁症. 这些发现强调了正念作为青年心理健康的关键保护因素.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 青春期是一个脆弱的时期,与抑郁症相关的高压力暴露.
- 正念与较低的抑郁症状有关,但青少年的机制尚不清楚.
- 现有的研究往往是横截面的,限制了对正念和青少年抑郁症的因果洞察.
研究的目的:
- 调查特征正念对青少年抑郁症的直接和间接途径.
- 为了检查正念对抑郁症的间接影响是否因压力生活事件类型而异.
- 澄清认知情感过程和压力评估在正念-抑郁关系中的作用.
主要方法:
- 在四个波段中对3897名青少年 (平均年龄15.9) 进行了长度研究.
- 结构方程建模 (AMOS) 用于分析直接和间接影响.
- 评估了特征正念,抑郁和压力领域.
主要成果:
- 特征正念与抑郁症之间存在强烈的负相关性 (r = -0.39到 -0.56).
- 正念对抑郁症的实质性直接影响 (β = -0.60至 -0.74).
- 通过认知重新评估产生较小的间接影响 (β = -0.10至 -0.26用于减轻压力;高达 -0.17用于抑郁症),因压力领域而异.
结论:
- 正念通过直接和间接的途径减少了青少年的抑郁症状.
- 直接影响可能涉及诸如减少反和改善情绪调节等机制.
- 通过适应性压力评估的间接途径增加了解释价值,支持基于正念的干预措施.
更多相关视频
12:22Mindfulness in Motion MIM: An Onsite Mindfulness Based Intervention MBI for Chronically High Stress Work Environments to Increase Resiliency and Work Engagement
Published on: July 1, 2015
23.8K
08:42Design and Implementation of an fMRI Study Examining Thought Suppression in Young Women with, and At-risk, for Depression
Published on: May 19, 2015
10.8K
相关概念视频
Psychological Responses to Stress
100
Psychological responses to stress encompass the various cognitive and emotional reactions individuals experience when faced with challenging or threatening situations, such as a job loss. Prolonged exposure to stressors can disturb emotional balance, increasing negative emotions (e.g., anxiety and sadness) and diminishing positive emotions (e.g., joy and satisfaction). These persistent emotional shifts are associated with an increased risk of both physical illness and mental health issues, such...
100
Lazarus's Cognitive Appraisal Theory
541
Cognitive psychologist Richard Lazarus proposed the cognitive-mediational theory of emotions, which emphasizes how individuals' assessments of stressors significantly affect their experience of stress. According to Lazarus, the stress response is determined by a two-step appraisal process: primary appraisal and secondary appraisal. These cognitive appraisals help individuals evaluate the potential impact of a stressor and determine the adequacy of their coping resources.
Primary Appraisal:...
Primary Appraisal:...
541
Stress Prevention and Stress Management Techniques III
108
Regular exercise and meditation serve as essential tools in managing stress and promoting physical and mental well-being.
The Role of Exercise in Stress Management
Regular physical activity is essential for reducing stress and promoting cardiovascular health. Exercise strengthens the heart, enhances blood flow, keeps blood vessels flexible, and helps lower blood pressure, all of which reduce the body's stress response. Research shows that adults who exercise regularly have nearly half the...
The Role of Exercise in Stress Management
Regular physical activity is essential for reducing stress and promoting cardiovascular health. Exercise strengthens the heart, enhances blood flow, keeps blood vessels flexible, and helps lower blood pressure, all of which reduce the body's stress response. Research shows that adults who exercise regularly have nearly half the...
108
Cognitive Development During Adolescence
136
During adolescence, individuals experience significant cognitive development that enhances their understanding of others' emotions and thoughts, known as cognitive empathy. This period is marked by an increased ability to adapt to others' perspectives and a more nuanced understanding of others' mental states, a skill that is foundational for social problem-solving and conflict avoidance. The development of cognitive empathy relies heavily on the theory of mind — the...
136
Stress and Mental Health
212
Chronic stress profoundly affects mental health, significantly influencing mood, behavior, and overall quality of life. Research closely links chronic stress with mental health conditions such as depression, anxiety, and substance use disorders. Ongoing exposure to stress can lead to physiological and psychological changes, initiating a cycle of emotional distress and maladaptive coping mechanisms.
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
Individuals with depression often experience challenges in both their personal and professional...
212
Cognitive Therapy
280
Cognitive therapy, pioneered by Aaron T. Beck in the 1960s, is a structured approach to addressing psychological distress by focusing on the influence of thoughts on emotions and behaviors. All cognitive therapies involve the basic assumption that human beings have control over their feelings, and that how individuals feel about something depends on how they think about it. Unlike psychoanalytic methods that delve into unconscious processes or humanistic approaches emphasizing...
280
