通过大型语言模型模拟的合成患者-医生对话:一个多维评估
Syed Ali Haider1, Srinivasagam Prabha1, Cesar Abraham Gomez-Cabello1
1Division of Plastic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 30, 2025
概括
领先的大型语言模型 (LLM) 为医疗应用产生现实的合成患者-医生对话. 虽然高性能,但在合成数据中确保人口多样性对于未来的发展至关重要.
科学领域:
- 医疗保健中的人工智能
- 自然语言处理自然语言处理.
- 医疗教育 技术 技术 医学教育
背景情况:
- 由于隐私和物流,医疗保健AI面临着数据可访问性挑战.
- 合成数据提供了一个解决方案,通过模仿真实患者信息而不会损害隐私.
- 大型语言模型 (LLM) 为产生现实的临床对话提供了新的机会.
研究的目的:
- 评估四个领先的LLM在生成合成患者-医生交互成绩单方面的表现.
- 评估在整形手术场景中LLM产生的临床对话的现实性,准确性和实际相关性.
主要方法:
- 四位LLM (ChatGPT 4.5,ChatGPT 4o,Claude 3.7 索内特,Gemini Pro 2.5) 每位为10个整形手术场景生成了成绩单.
- 经过临床培训的评级人员使用7个标准标签 (医疗准确性,现实主义,人格一致性,忠诚度,同情心,相关性,可用性) 在5分利克尔特尺度上评估成绩单.
- 基于语言和内容的自动化指标也被用于分析.
主要成果:
- 所有LLM都表现出强的表现,所有标准的平均评分都高于4.5.
- 双子 2.5 Pro 在医学准确性,现实主义,人格一致性,相关性和可用性方面表现出色.
- 克劳德3.7索内特在同理心方面领先,而ChatGPT 4.5显示了高的同理心和可用性得分. 模型之间没有发现统计学上显著的差异.
- 自动化分析显示了对话长度和情感表达力的差异,Gemini 2.5 Pro产生了最长和最富有表达力的对话.
结论:
- 领先的LLM可以产生医学上准确和情感上适当的合成对话,用于医学教育和研究.
- 生成患者的人口统一性需要在多样性和偏见缓解方面进行改进.
- 由LLM产生的对话可以谨慎地整合到医学培训,模拟和研究环境中.
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