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微生物来自寒冷的盟友:南极真菌内细胞改善了水有限的田地玉米的表现

Yessica San Miguel¹, Rómulo Santelices-Moya², Antonio M Cabrera-Ariza^2,3

¹Plant Microorganism Interaction Laboratory, Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460787, Chile.

Plants (Basel, Switzerland)

|July 30, 2025

概括

南极真菌增强了玉米的干旱耐受性,改善了植物健康和在缺水的情况下的产量. 这种微生物生物技术为气候适应性农业提供了可持续的解决方案.

科学领域:

农业科学农业科学
微生物学微生物学
植物生理学植物生理学

背景情况:

气候变化加剧了干旱压力,对全球粮食安全构成重大威胁,特别是对于玉米 (Zea mays) 等敏感作物.
菌内,即居住在植物组织中的微生物,显示出增强植物抗压能力的潜力.
南极真菌内植物适应极端环境,是农业应用的未开发资源.

研究的目的:

评估南极真菌内植物 (Penicillium chrysogenum和P. brevicompactum) 在改善玉米在田间条件下的耐旱能力方面的有效性.
评估在不同灌模式下用这些内生植物接种的玉米植物的生理和生化反应.
为了确定内菌注射对干旱压力下的玉米产量组件的影响.

主要方法:

使用模拟干旱压力的控制灌制度进行实地实验 (59%的实地容量).
基于无人机 (UAV) 的多谱图像,用于监测植被指数 (NDVI,NDRE,SIPI,GNDVI).
生理和生化分析包括叶绿素,胡卜素,林含量,脂质过氧化,抗氧化酶活性和二次代谢物分析.

主要成果:

在干旱压力下,接种过的玉米植物在干旱压力下显著改善了植被指数 (高达两倍),这表明其弹性得到了增强.
生理上的改善包括更高的光化学效率,增加的叶绿素和胡卜素含量,以及在注射植物中减少的脂质过氧化.
在接种的植物中,产量组件,如的重量和长度,显著提高,特别是在干旱条件下.

结论:

南极真菌内植物 (Penicillium chrysogenum和P. brevicompactum) 有效地提高了玉米的干旱耐受性,提高了作物产量.
微生物生物技术与基于无人机的遥感技术的整合提供了一个强大的方法,用于在缺水环境中可持续的作物管理.
这些发现凸显了极端的内植物作为开发抗气候作物和确保粮食安全的宝贵工具的潜力.

关键词:

南极的真菌内植物是南极的真菌内植物.气候变化气候变化气候变化植物的弹性植物的弹性水的稀缺性水的稀缺性

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