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儿童的HIV-1前病毒缺陷差异与儿童的HIV-1前病毒缺陷接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的成年人

Jenna M Hasson¹, Mary Grace Katusiime¹, Adam A Capoferri¹

¹HIV Dynamics and Replication Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.

|July 30, 2025

概括

长期接受抗逆转录病毒治疗 (ART) 的儿童在HIV-1前病毒中显示出显著的大缺失,特别是在env基因中. 这种独特的景观与成年人不同,可能会为新的缓解策略提供信息.

科学领域:

病毒学病毒学
免疫学免疫学免疫学
儿童传染病儿童传染病

背景情况:

了解人类免疫缺陷病毒1型 (HIV-1) 病毒前景观对于开发有效的缓解策略至关重要.
与成年人相比,长期抗逆转录病毒疗法 (ART) 对垂直感染儿童的前病毒结构的影响仍然不太清楚.

研究的目的:

调查长期ART治疗儿童中几乎全长的HIV-1前病毒景观.
用不同治疗阶段和年龄组的已发表数据集来比较儿童的前病毒结构.
确定测量完整的艾滋病毒储存库和实现儿童艾滋病毒缓解的潜在目标.

主要方法:

几乎全长的HIV单基因组测序在5名接受ART治疗的儿童的血液样本上进行了大约7-9年的测序.
分析了Proviral结构,并将其与现有的数据集进行比较,这些数据来自ART前的儿童,短期ART的儿童和ART的成年人.

主要成果:

在长期接受ART的儿童中,观察到对大型内部前病毒删除的强有力的选择,特别是对env基因的删除.
只有2.5%的前病毒的序列完好无损,比成人数据集的比较比例更低.
与成年人相比,在ART治疗的儿童中,主要接供体部位 (MSD) 和包装信号的缺陷较少,而在儿童中,纹身基因缺陷更为常见.

结论:

与接受ART的成年人相比,不同的选择压力塑造了儿童的HIV-1前病毒格局.
这些发现表明,不同的遗传区域可能与测量完整的艾滋病毒存储库以及在儿科患者群体中实现艾滋病毒缓解有关.

关键词:

儿童感染艾滋病病毒.艾滋病毒潜伏时间HIV潜伏时间艾滋病毒持久性艾滋病毒持久性艾滋病毒前病毒是艾滋病毒前病毒.艾滋病毒的储存库是艾滋病毒的储存库.完好无损的前病毒.

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