在意大利COVID-19大流行之前,期间和之后的儿童免疫覆盖范围
Flavia Pennisi1,2, Andrea Silenzi3, Alessia Mammone4
1National PhD Programme in One Health Approaches to Infectious Diseases and Life Science Research, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Vaccines
|July 30, 2025
概括
意大利意大利意大利意大利意大利意大利
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 免疫政策 免疫政策
背景情况:
- 保持高的儿童疫苗接种率对于预防疫苗可以预防的疾病至关重要.
- 意大利的法律第. 119/2017规定儿童免疫接种是强制性的,最初改善了覆盖范围.
- 由于COVID-19大流行扰乱了常规疫苗接种服务,对覆盖率的增长构成了风险.
研究的目的:
- 评估意大利在三个不同时期的国家和地区疫苗接种覆盖率的趋势.
- 评估2017年疫苗接种任务和COVID-19大流行对儿童免疫率的影响.
- 为了确定流行病后的复苏模式和疫苗覆盖率的区域差异.
主要方法:
- 利用来自意大利卫生部的24个月龄疫苗接种覆盖率的国家和地区行政数据.
- 雇员Joinpoint回归分析以确定覆盖范围的年度百分比变化 (APC).
- 计算绝对变化 (Δ) 并使用皮尔森相关系数来分析基线覆盖率与后续变化之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 2017年授权显著增加了对水,MenB和麻疹的覆盖范围,区域差异显著.
- 在COVID-19大流行期间,特定地区的脊髓灰质炎和麻疹的覆盖率下降,而在最初吸收率较低的地区,男性B覆盖率增加.
- 流行后的数据显示,和麻疹的覆盖率有所恢复,特别是在以前表现不佳的地区.
结论:
- 强制性疫苗接种政策明显提高了意大利儿童免疫率.
- 尽管出现了与大流行有关的干扰,但疫苗接种覆盖率显示出恢复的迹象,这表明系统的弹性.
- 针对性,特定于区域的战略对于解决地理差异和确保意大利各地获得公平免疫接种至关重要.
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