在初级保健和教育环境中对自闭症谱系障碍的认识和知识:葡萄牙中部的一项研究
Ana Rita Fradique1, Sofia Bodas de Carvalho2, Arminda Jorge2,3
1Department of Pediatrics, Coimbra Local Health Unit, Coimbra Pediatric Hospital, Coimbra, PRT.
Cureus
|July 30, 2025
概括
早期发现自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 是至关重要的. 像教师和医生这样的专业人士对识别自闭症症状缺乏信心,强调需要改进培训.
科学领域:
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
- 儿科健康 儿科健康
- 教育心理学教育心理学
背景情况:
- 自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 是一种神经发育状况,需要早期识别才能改善结果.
- 家庭医生,小学教师和幼儿园教师是早期检测的关键.
- 这项研究评估了专业知识和对ASD的看法.
研究的目的:
- 评估初级保健医生,教师和教育工作者关于ASD的知识和看法.
- 识别专业理解和信心的差距,以识别ASD的早期迹象.
主要方法:
- 在葡萄牙进行了一项横截面的定量研究.
- 一个95名家庭医生,小学教师和幼儿园教师的方便样本填写了一份关于ASD的问卷.
- 通过描述性统计和千-平方测试来分析数据.
主要成果:
- 80%的专业人士对识别ASD早期预警信号缺乏信心.
- 一半的人认为自闭症症状出现在三岁之前;没有家庭医生觉得完全能够识别早期症状.
- 大多数参与者表达了对ASD进一步培训的愿望.
结论:
- 在专业人士中,关于ASD识别存在重大知识差距.
- 对学术和继续教育的投资对于提高专业人员早期发现自闭症的能力至关重要.
- 家庭医生,教师和教育工作者需要有针对性的培训计划.
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