拉丁美洲115个城市营养不良的双重负担:生态分析
Mónica Mazariegos1, Brisa N Sánchez2,3, Ana Ortigoza3
1INCAP Research Center for the Prevention of Chronic Diseases (CIIPEC), Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama (INCAP), Guatemala City, Guatemala.
Reproductive, female and child health
|July 30, 2025
概括
拉丁美洲城市面临着营养不良 (DBM) 的双重负担,贫困的社会环境与儿童迟缓和成人肥胖有关. 更高的女性教育和劳动参与也与增加的DBM患病率相关.
科学领域:
- 城市卫生 城市卫生
- 营养流行病学 营养流行病学
- 健康的社会经济决定因素
背景情况:
- 营养不良的双重负担 (DBM),以营养不良和营养过剩的共存为特征,是城市环境中日益严重的公共卫生问题.
- 拉丁美洲城市提供了一个独特的研究DBM的背景,由于快速城市化和多样化的社会经济景观.
- 拉丁美洲城市健康研究 (SALURBAL) 提供了统一的数据来调查该地区的DBM.
研究的目的:
- 评估城市层面上下文因素与拉丁美洲城市地区营养不良双重负担 (DBM) 的流行之间的关联.
- 确定在城市层面上为DBM做出贡献的关键社会经济和环境决定因素.
- 为旨在解决城市人口中DBM的公共卫生干预提供信息.
主要方法:
- 一项生态研究利用2008年至2016年间来自五个拉丁美洲国家 (哥伦比亚,萨尔瓦多,危地马拉,墨西哥,秘鲁) 的115个城市的综合调查数据.
- 在城市层面,DBM被定义为5岁以下儿童缩和成年女性超重/肥胖的同时发生.
- 使用顺序后勤回归模型分析了城市级社会经济发展指数,女性教育程度,女性劳动参与率和DBM流行率之间的关系.
主要成果:
- 在115个城市中,19个城市的发育迟缓负担中等至高,成年女性超重/肥胖的负担非常高.
- 所有研究的城市报告称,成年女性超重/肥胖的患病率超过40%.
- 糟糕的社会环境,更高的女性教育程度,以及在城市层面上更大的女性劳动参与与增加的DBM有显著的关联.
结论:
- 几座拉丁美洲城市正面临着严重的营养不良的双重负担,其特点是儿童发育迟缓和成人超重/肥胖率高.
- 宏观层面的社会因素,包括不利的社会环境,高水平的女性教育和女性劳动力参与率的增加,都与儿童衰老和成人肥胖的共存有关.
- 这些发现强调了社会经济决定因素在塑造拉丁美洲城市营养不良模式的复杂相互作用.
相关概念视频
Bias in Epidemiological Studies
687
Biases can arise at various stages of research, from study design and data collection to analysis and interpretation. Recognizing and addressing these biases is essential to ensure the validity and reliability of epidemiological findings.Broadly speaking, biases in epidemiology fall into three main categories: selection bias, information bias, and confounding. A more detailed description of possible biases is:
687
Obesity
620
The Body Mass Index (BMI) is a numerical value derived from a person's weight and height, used to categorize individuals into weight ranges. It is calculated using the formula: weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared. Obesity is a health condition characterized by excessive accumulation of adipose tissue that poses health risks, often diagnosed with a BMI ≥ 30. This excess fat storage occurs when surplus dietary calories are converted into triglycerides and stored in...
620
Anorexia Nervosa
192
Anorexia nervosa is a complex and severe eating disorder characterized by an intense fear of weight gain, an unrelenting pursuit of thinness, and a distorted body image. It often leads to dangerously low body weight relative to an individual's age and height. This disorder is marked by significant physical and psychological consequences, making it one of the most life-threatening psychiatric illnesses.
Symptoms and Physical Effects
Individuals with anorexia nervosa commonly exhibit extreme...
Symptoms and Physical Effects
Individuals with anorexia nervosa commonly exhibit extreme...
192
Lifestyle Factors and Health
126
Lifestyle factors play a critical role in maintaining overall health and preventing chronic diseases. Key elements, such as regular physical activity, a nutritious diet, and abstinence from smoking, can significantly enhance physical, mental, and emotional well-being while reducing the risk of several life-threatening conditions.
Benefits of Physical Activity
Physical activity, whether through structured exercise or casual activities like walking, biking, or dancing, is a cornerstone of a...
Benefits of Physical Activity
Physical activity, whether through structured exercise or casual activities like walking, biking, or dancing, is a cornerstone of a...
126
Parentral Nutrition: Centeral and Peripheral Parental Nutrition
314
Parenteral Nutrition (PN) delivers essential nutrients directly into the bloodstream, bypassing the digestive system. It is commonly used for individuals with severe digestive disorders or conditions that prevent normal nutrient absorption.
PN can be administered through two primary routes:
1. Central Parenteral Nutrition (CPN):
CPN involves delivering a high concentration of nutrients through a large vein. This is typically achieved using a Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC) or,...
PN can be administered through two primary routes:
1. Central Parenteral Nutrition (CPN):
CPN involves delivering a high concentration of nutrients through a large vein. This is typically achieved using a Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter (PICC) or,...
314
Dimensions of Health and Illness
8.3K
The factors influencing the health-illness continuum can be internal or external and may or may not be under conscious control. They are related to the following eight human dimensions, and each dimension is interrelated to one other.
8.3K


