中国老年人中的跌倒和孤独:来自全国代表性的纵向研究的证据
Zhiqiang Yu1, Meng Jiang2, Yueyun Zhang2
1Department of Social Work, School of Philosophy and Social Development, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
Frontiers in public health
|July 30, 2025
概括
老年人的跌倒会导致孤独感增加,特别是在年轻和老年人群中. 在这方面,社会适应起着重要作用,突出了对综合防摔和心理健康战略的需求.
科学领域:
- 老年学是指老年学的学科.
- 社会心理学 社会心理学
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
背景情况:
- 跌倒和孤独是老年人的普遍问题,对健康产生负面影响.
- 现有的研究在老年人中跌倒和孤独之间的纵向关系是有限的,特别是在非西方的背景下.
- 这项研究调查了中国老年人中跌倒和孤独之间的纵向关联,考虑了年龄差异和社会适应的调解作用.
研究的目的:
- 检查中国老年人中跌倒和孤独之间的纵向关联.
- 探索这种关联在不同年龄组 (年轻人,老人,最老的老人) 中是如何变化的.
- 确定社会适应对落和孤独之间关系的调解效应.
主要方法:
- 利用了中国纵向老龄化社会调查 (CLASS) 的四个波 (2014-2020) 的数据.
- 在一个大样本上使用随机效应回归模型 (来自 11,063 名受访者的 31,406 个人波观测).
- 通过自我报告评估跌倒和孤独,并使用巴伦和肯尼方法和引导方法分析调解.
主要成果:
- 在跌倒和更高水平的孤独之间发现了显著的关联 (p < 0.001).
- 与老年人 (70-79) 相比,在年轻人 (60-69岁) 和最年长的老人 (80岁以上) 中,跌倒与孤独的关联更强烈.
- 社会适应部分调解了这种关联,跌倒导致社会适应减少,这反过来增加了孤独 (10%的总影响).
结论:
- 跌倒有助于老年人的孤独感,影响他们的心理健康.
- 这些发现强调了考虑跌倒是孤独的潜在触发因素的重要性,而不仅仅是身体事件.
- 政策建议包括将跌倒预防计划纳入老年人的心理健康计划,以解决身体和心理健康问题.
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