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相关概念视频

What is Gene Expression?01:36

What is Gene Expression?

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A gene is a stretch of DNA that serves as the blueprint for functional RNAs and proteins. Since DNA is comprised  of nucleotides and proteins are comprised of amino acids, a mediator is required to convert the information encoded in DNA into proteins. This mediator is the messenger RNA (mRNA). mRNA copies the blueprint from DNA by a process called transcription. In eukaryotes, transcription occurs in the nucleus by complementary base-pairing with the DNA template. The mRNA is then...
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Ribosome Profiling02:24

Ribosome Profiling

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Ribosome profiling or ribo-sequencing is a deep sequencing technique that produces a snapshot of active translation in a cell. It selectively sequences the mRNAs protected by ribosomes to get an insight into a cell’s translation landscape at any given point in time.
Applications of ribosome profiling
Ribosome profiling has many applications, including in vivo monitoring of translation inside a particular organ or tissue type and quantifying new protein synthesis levels.
The technique...
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Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps02:24

Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps

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Gene expression can be regulated at almost every step from gene to protein. Transcription is the step that is most commonly regulated. This involves the binding of proteins to short regulatory sequences on the DNA. This association can either promote or inhibit the transcription of a gene associated with the respective sequence.
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
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Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps01:23

Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps

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The gene expression in cells is regulated at different stages: (i) transcription, (ii) RNA processing, (iii) RNA localization, and (iv) translation. Transcriptional regulation is mediated by regulatory proteins such as transcription factors, activators, or repressors—these control gene expression by initiating or inhibiting the transcription of genes. Once a precursor or pre-mRNA is produced, it undergoes post-transcriptional modification, including 5' capping, splicing, and the...
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Transposons01:24

Transposons

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Transposons, or "jumping genes," are small mobile genetic elements (MGEs) that range from 700 to 40,000 base pairs in length. They are found in all organisms and can move within the same chromosome or transfer to different chromosomes. In some cases, transposons can also jump between different host DNA molecules, such as plasmids or viruses, contributing to genetic variability.Barbara McClintock first discovered these mobile genetic elements in the 1940s while studying maize genetics, and she...
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General Transcription Factors01:30

General Transcription Factors

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Tissue-specific transcription factors contribute to diverse cellular functions in mammals. For example, the gene for beta globin, a major component of hemoglobin, is present in all cells of the body. However, it is only expressed in red blood cells because the transcription factors that can bind to the promoter sequences of the beta globin gene are only expressed in these cells. Tissue-specific transcription factors also ensure that mutations in these factors may impair only the function of...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Sep 13, 2025

Author Spotlight: AI-Driven Trypanosome Species Detection from Microscopic Images
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Author Spotlight: AI-Driven Trypanosome Species Detection from Microscopic Images

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使用机器学习解码试类动物的转录后基因表达控制.

Michele Tinti1, David Horn1

  • 1The Wellcome Centre for Anti-Infectives Research, Biological Chemistry & Drug Discovery, University of Dundee Division, Dundee, Scotland, UK.

Wellcome open research
|July 30, 2025
PubMed
概括
此摘要是机器生成的。

试类动物的基因表达是由未翻译区域 (UTR) 和代码子使用偏差控制的,主要影响跨物种的翻译效率和mRNA水平.

关键词:
在Codon Bias中存在偏见.莱什曼尼亚 (Leishmania) 是一种病.机器学习 机器学习翻译效率 翻译效率试杆菌体是什么?在 UTRs 中使用.

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High-throughput Gene Tagging in Trypanosoma brucei
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相关实验视频

Last Updated: Sep 13, 2025

Author Spotlight: AI-Driven Trypanosome Species Detection from Microscopic Images
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Author Spotlight: AI-Driven Trypanosome Species Detection from Microscopic Images

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High-throughput Gene Tagging in Trypanosoma brucei
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Polysome Profiling in Leishmania, Human Cells and Mouse Testis
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科学领域:

  • 分子生物学分子生物学
  • 遗传学 遗传学 是一个
  • 寄生虫学的寄生虫学

背景情况:

  • 在Trypanosoma brucei的mRNA中,未翻译区域 (UTR) 具有cis调节作用.
  • 在UTR中,A丰富的区域与翻译效率 (TE) 的提高相关.
  • 关键问题涉及UTRs,代使用偏差,以及它们对T. brucei,T. cruzi和Leishmania中TE和mRNA水平的影响.

研究的目的:

  • 确定UTRs和密码体使用偏差对T. brucei.的翻译效率 (TE) 的相对贡献.
  • 评估UTR和编码子使用偏差对T. brucei. mRNA平稳状态水平的影响.
  • 为了研究这些序列在TE和mRNA水平中的作用,在相关的试类动物,T. cruzi和Leishmania.

主要方法:

  • 使用了机器学习方法.
  • 分析现有的转录组,翻译效率和蛋白质组学数据.
  • 在三种试类动物中进行了对比分析.

主要成果:

  • 无论是UTRs还是codon使用偏差,都会影响三种试类动物的基因表达,具有特定物种的差异.
  • 在T. brucei中,TE与较长的A丰富和C贫乏的UTR相关.
  • 的使用偏差显著影响所有物种的mRNA丰度,可能是通过翻译延长率.

结论:

  • 试类动物的基因表达控制主要是转录后的,在翻译水平.
  • UTRs影响翻译启动率.
  • 受青的编码子增强了翻译延长,减少了mRNA循环,增加了稳定性.