大脑分离和整合与老年人和年轻成年人的词寻找能力有关
Elise J Oosterhuis1, Neil Bailey2,3,4, Kate Slade1
1Department of Psychology, Lancaster University, Lancaster, UK.
Neurobiology of language (Cambridge, Mass.)
|July 30, 2025
概括
老年人发现词汇的能力与大脑网络活动有关. 优化的大脑分离和整合与更好的语义流性相关,无论是年轻人还是老年人.
科学领域:
- 神经科学是一个神经科学.
- 认知心理学 认知心理学
- 衰老研究研究 衰老研究
背景情况:
- 老年人难以找到单词与大脑变化有关.
- 功能性大脑网络,用脑电图 (EEG) 测量,反映神经生理组织.
- 功能性大脑网络对于跨年龄组的词查找的预测价值是未知的.
研究的目的:
- 调查功能性大脑网络与年轻人和老年人的词寻找能力之间的关系.
- 为了确定大脑网络属性是否预测语义和字母流性.
- 探索这些关系中的与年龄相关的差异.
主要方法:
- 利用了53名年轻 (20-35岁) 和53名年长 (59-77岁) 的健康成年人的闭眼静止状态EEG数据.
- 使用语义和字母流任务,量化了词查找能力.
- 通过多重线性回归分析了大脑分离 (局部处理效率) 和集成 (全球处理效率).
主要成果:
- 在老年人中,增加的同步大脑活动与较低的语义流性相关.
- 较大的大脑分离与所有年龄段的语义流性较低有关.
- 增加大脑整合与更大的语义流性相关,特别是在老年人中.
- 分离和整合之间的优化平衡改善了这两个年龄组的语义流性.
结论:
- 找字的能力与大脑分离和整合有关,可能反映出认知控制或补偿机制.
- 研究结果表明,与年龄相关的大脑网络动态的变化会影响语言流性.
- 当地和全球大脑网络效率之间的平衡对于整个生命周期的语义流性至关重要.
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