超越第一次呼吸:通过母体免疫和婴儿免疫预防,全面预防呼吸道同胞性病毒
Napaporn Chantasrisawad1,2,3, Wicharn Boonjindasup4, Thanyawee Puthanakit3,2
1Thai Red Cross Emerging Infectious Diseases Clinical Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, The Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok 10330, Thailand.
Asian biomedicine : research, reviews and news
|July 30, 2025
概括
新的孕产妇疫苗和婴儿单克隆抗体对婴儿的严重呼吸道同胞病毒下呼吸道感染提供了显著的保护. 这些进步提供了整个赛季的防御,减少住院治疗和改善婴儿健康结果.
科学领域:
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 疫苗学 疫苗学 疫苗学
背景情况:
- 呼吸道同胞病毒 (RSV) 是导致婴儿住院和死亡的主要原因.
- 六个月以下的婴儿,早产婴儿和患有慢性疾病的婴儿面临严重RSV-LRTI的风险最高.
- 像palivizumab这样的现有干预措施在广泛的保护方面存在局限性.
研究的目的:
- 评估母婴RSV免疫接种和长效单克隆抗体的疗效,以保护婴儿.
- 评估这些新策略对减少严重RSV-LRTI和住院治疗的影响.
- 根据公共卫生建议,在脆弱的婴儿中预防RSV.
主要方法:
- 在怀孕期间用双价RSVPreF疫苗进行母体免疫接种.
- 给婴儿使用单剂量,长效单克隆抗体 (Nirsevimab).
- 临床试验评估医学上参加了严重的RSV相关的LRTI和住院治疗.
主要成果:
- 母亲免疫在预防婴儿严重RSV-LRTI方面显示出高效率 (81.8%在90天).
- 尼尔塞维马布提供了全赛季的保护,将RSV-LRTI和住院治疗减少了约70%-80%.
- 这些干预措施在减少婴儿RSV负担方面显著有前途.
结论:
- 母亲RSV疫苗接种和婴儿单克隆抗体是预防严重RSV-LRTI的高度有效策略.
- 全球卫生组织建议引入这些干预措施,以预防婴儿RSV.
- 这些进展代表了保护婴儿免受RSV疾病的重大进步.
更多相关视频
相关概念视频
01:30Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention
2.5K
Nursing management of pneumonia involves promoting airway patency, facilitating rest and conserving energy, encouraging fluid intake, maintaining nutrition, and educating patients.
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed....
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed....
2.5K
01:25Transmission-based Precautions II: Airborne and Protective Environment
1.5K
Transmission-based precautions are for patients infected or suspected to be infected (or colonized) with organisms posing a significant risk to others. The transmission precautions include airborne and protective environment precautions.
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
Airborne precautions:
Use airborne precautions when treating patients known or suspected to have diseases that spread through the air—for example, tuberculosis or measles. These organisms are present in smaller droplets expelled by an infected person and...
1.5K
01:22Development of Immunocompetence
449
The initiation of cell-mediated immunity can be observed as early as the third month of fetal growth, with active antibody-mediated immunity following approximately one month later.
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
The initial cells that migrate from the fetal thymus settle within the skin and epithelial tissues lining the mouth, digestive tract, and in females, the uterus and vagina. These cells, including skin-based dendritic cells, serve as antigen-presenting cells, playing a key role in T cell activation.
Subsequent T...
449
01:31Common Respiratory Disorders
938
Respiratory disorders, a prevalent health concern globally, are generally divided into two primary categories: upper and lower respiratory tract disorders. The categorization is based on the area of the respiratory system they affect.
Upper respiratory disorders impact the airways above the vocal cords, encompassing areas like the nose, sinuses, and throat. Various conditions fall under this category, including the common cold and allergic rhinitis. These disorders can stem from several causes,...
Upper respiratory disorders impact the airways above the vocal cords, encompassing areas like the nose, sinuses, and throat. Various conditions fall under this category, including the common cold and allergic rhinitis. These disorders can stem from several causes,...
938
01:23Upper Respiratory Drugs: Antitussives, Expectorants, and Mucolytics
440
Respiratory symptoms, such as congestion and cough, commonly accompany respiratory tract conditions. Various medications, such as antitussives, expectorants, and mucolytics, play crucial roles in providing relief.
Antitussives include codeine, dextromethorphan (Robitussin), and benzonatate (Tessalon). Codeine and dextromethorphan exert their effects centrally by suppressing the cough reflex center in the medulla. Benzonatate operates peripherally within the respiratory tract by...
Antitussives include codeine, dextromethorphan (Robitussin), and benzonatate (Tessalon). Codeine and dextromethorphan exert their effects centrally by suppressing the cough reflex center in the medulla. Benzonatate operates peripherally within the respiratory tract by...
440
01:28Pneumonia IV: Management
451
The treatment of pneumonia varies based on its severity and the causative pathogen. Here is a structured approach to managing pneumonia, integrating pharmaceutical and supportive care strategies.
Bacterial Pneumonia Treatment
For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of therapy. Initial treatment often begins with empirical antibiotics, tailored to the anticipated causative organism and adjusted based on culture results. Key antibiotic choices include:
Bacterial Pneumonia Treatment
For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of therapy. Initial treatment often begins with empirical antibiotics, tailored to the anticipated causative organism and adjusted based on culture results. Key antibiotic choices include:
451