新辅助疗法在局部晚期结肠癌中的作用
Tiago Biachi de Castria1,2, Gabriel Lenz3, Gabriel Valagni4
1Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, Tampa, FL, 33612, USA.
Chinese medical journal
|July 30, 2025
概括
新辅助疗法,包括化疗和免疫疗法,在局部晚期结肠癌 (LACC) 中表现有前途. 基于不匹配修复 (MMR) 状态的个性化治疗是改善LACC患者结果的关键.
科学领域:
- 在瘤学瘤学.
- 胃肠病学 胃肠病学
- 癌症研究 癌症研究
背景情况:
- 结肠癌仍然是一个重大的全球健康问题,标准治疗包括手术和辅助化疗.
- 局部晚期结肠癌 (LACC) 管理正在随着新辅助疗法的引入而发展.
- 新辅助方法旨在改善手术结果并减少LACC的复发.
研究的目的:
- 审查当前关于局部晚期结肠癌中新辅助疗法的证据.
- 分析新辅助化疗和免疫治疗的好处和挑战.
- 强调基于MMR状态等生物标志物的个性化治疗策略.
主要方法:
- 临床试验的审查,包括FOxTROT,OPTICAL,NeoCol和NICHE.
- 对MMR-proficient (pMMR) 结肠癌中新辅助化学疗法的疗效的分析.
- 在不匹配修复缺陷 (dMMR) 结肠癌中评估新辅助免疫疗法.
主要成果:
- 新辅助化疗表明瘤降级,改善切除能力和减少复发.
- 新辅助免疫疗法在dMMR瘤中显示出有希望的病理反应率.
- 挑战包括疾病进展,不准确的分期和治疗毒性.
结论:
- 新辅助化疗对于选择的pMMRLACC患者来说是一个可行的选择.
- 免疫疗法对dMMR瘤具有潜力,可能使得非手术治疗成为可能.
- 以MMR状态为指导的个性化治疗对于最大限度地提高LACC的疗效和最小化风险至关重要.
关键词:
化疗 化疗是一种化学疗法.结肠癌是什么意思 结肠癌是什么意思免疫治疗是一种免疫疗法.纠正不匹配的修复方法新辅助疗法是一种新辅助疗法.幸存的生存方式瘤的反应反应dMMR 是一个MMR.在 pMMR 中,pMMR 是 pMMR.更多相关视频
09:29Development and Maintenance of a Preclinical Patient Derived Tumor Xenograft Model for the Investigation of Novel Anti-Cancer Therapies
Published on: September 30, 2016
13.9K
12:45Robot-assisted Total Mesorectal Excision and Lateral Pelvic Lymph Node Dissection for Locally Advanced Middle-low Rectal Cancer
Published on: February 12, 2022
5.9K
相关概念视频
Targeted Cancer Therapies
7.8K
The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
7.8K
Endoscopic Procedures II: Colonoscopy
192
The colon, or large intestine, is the final segment of the digestive system. Its primary functions include absorbing water and vitamins produced by gut bacteria and transforming waste from liquid to solid to form stool. In adults, the large intestine is approximately 5 feet long and consists of four main sections:
192
Drugs for Treatment of Ulcerative Colitis in IBD
239
Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory condition primarily affecting the colon and rectum. The primary drugs used in the treatment of ulcerative colitis are aminosalicylates. They exhibit anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive properties. They modulate inflammatory mediators and inhibit the activity of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). Aminosalicylates also reduce inflammation by inhibiting prostaglandin and leukotriene production and decreasing neutrophil chemotaxis and superoxide...
239
Tumor Immunotherapy
662
Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
662
