莱什泰克公司的疫苗接种破坏了莱什马尼亚婴儿病毒的垂直传播
Diogo G Valadares1, Eric Kontowicz2, Serena Tang3
1Department of Internal Medicine, University of Iowa, Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, Iowa, United States of America.
PLoS neglected tropical diseases
|July 30, 2025
概括
针对犬类莱什曼尼病 (CanL) 的母体疫苗接种显著减少了婴儿莱什曼尼病的垂直传播. 接种感染母亲的疫苗可以保护小狗免受感染,降低死亡率和临床疾病风险.
科学领域:
- 兽医医学 兽医医学 兽医医学
- 寄生虫学的寄生虫学
- 免疫学 免疫学 免疫学
背景情况:
- 由Leishmania infantum引起的动物性犬病莱什曼尼病 (CanL) 是狗和人类的一种致命的全球性疾病.
- 垂直,胎盘传染是维持犬种群中莱什马尼亚婴儿感染的关键因素.
- 目前的CANL控制策略缺乏防止垂直传播的具体措施.
研究的目的:
- 评估用莱什马尼亚A2蛋白质,素辅助剂的疫苗 (LeishTec) 进行母体疫苗接种,以防止L. infantum通过胎盘传播给后代的疗效.
- 确定母体疫苗接种是否降低了感染,临床疾病和感染母婴出生于感染母婴的小狗的死亡风险.
主要方法:
- 评估了一种由L. infantum感染的母狗产生的狗群.
- 一组母体在怀孕前接种了LeishTec疫苗,而对照组没有接种疫苗.
- 通过L.infantum特定的kqPCR或血清学,死亡率和临床疾病来评估后代的诊断阳性.
主要成果:
- 与接种疫苗的母狗相比,出生于未接种疫苗的感染母狗的死亡率更高 (12.50%与0.00%),临床疾病的可能性增加 (94.12%与59.00%),CanL的诊断阳性率更高 (22.22%与4.55%),与接种疫苗的母狗的后代相比.
- 母亲接种疫苗显著降低了L.infantum.通过胎盘传播的风险.
结论:
- 用LeishTec对母亲进行疫苗接种是一种有效的策略,可以防止狗狗中Leishmania infantum的垂直传播.
- 将垂直传播预防纳入公共卫生干预措施可以有助于控制流行地区的CanL.
相关概念视频
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