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根据气候变化和人口情景,拉丁美洲城市的未来与温度相关的死亡率
Maryia Bakhtsiyarava1, Josiah L Kephart1, Brisa N Sánchez2
1Urban Health Collaborative, Drexel Dornsife School of Public Health, Philadelphia, USA; Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, Drexel Dornsife School of Public Health, Philadelphia, USA.
Environment international
|July 30, 2025
概括
到2045-2054年,气候变化和人口转移将在拉丁美洲显著增加与热有关的死亡人数. 与感冒相关的死亡率将下降,但人口变化将放大对死亡率的整体温度影响.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 人口统计学 人口统计学
- 气候科学 气候科学
背景情况:
- 拉丁美洲因气候变化,城市化和人口老龄化而面临极端气温带来的健康风险不断升级.
- 准确评估未来与温度相关的死亡率需要整合人口因素,如年龄结构,死亡率和人口规模.
研究的目的:
- 预测2045-2054年间326个拉丁美洲城市非最佳温度对死亡率的影响.
- 分析人口规模,年龄结构和年龄特定死亡率的变化如何影响不同气候场景下的温度死亡率影响.
主要方法:
- 利用城市一级的每日死亡率计数,格式化温度数据和缩小规模的温度模拟.
- 综合人口统计数据,包括人口规模,年龄结构和特定年龄的死亡率.
- 根据两种气候变化情景对所有年龄和特定年龄的死亡率的预计影响.
主要成果:
- 预计到2045-2054年,在极端温度情景 (0.87%至2.06%) 下,与热相关的死亡人数将增加一倍以上.
- 人口增长和人口老龄化预计将加剧与热有关的风险,并抵消与寒冷有关的死亡人数的减少.
- 仅仅人口年龄结构的变化,在温和的情景下,就能使与热量相关的死亡率增加176%.
结论:
- 人口变化,特别是人口增长和老龄化,将显著放大中世纪温度对拉丁美洲死亡率的影响.
- 调查结果强调,迫切需要有针对性的气候适应和公共卫生战略,以应对这些扩大风险.
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