商用素食肉类和乳制品类型的氨基酸组成
Jacintha Domić1, Luc Jc van Loon2, Els Siebelink1
1Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
The British journal of nutrition
|July 31, 2025
概括
植物性肉类和乳制品替代品往往缺乏足够的必需氨基酸 (EAA),特别是 metionin 和 lysine. 植物性食品中的这种营养缺口可能会影响素食和素食饮食中的蛋白质充足量.
科学领域:
- 营养科学 营养科学
- 食品科学 食品科学 食品科学
- 食补充剂的使用
背景情况:
- 植物性肉类和乳制品类型对动物产品的替代品越来越受欢迎.
- 这些类似物经常利用各种植物蛋白质来源,具有潜在不完整的氨基酸 (AA) 概况.
- 有限的数据存在于许多商业上可用的植物类型的特定AA成分.
研究的目的:
- 评估植物性肉类和乳制品类型的氨基酸 (AA) 组成.
- 为了比较这些类型的必需氨基酸 (EAA) 概况与既定的饮食要求.
- 评估EAA的个人资料,相对于其动物基的对应物.
主要方法:
- 对40种商用植物性肉类和乳制品类似物氨基酸 (AA) 组成的分析.
- 基本氨基酸 (EAA) 配置文件与饮食要求的比较.
- 与相应的动物性肉类和乳制品的EAA个人资料进行比较.
主要成果:
- 大多数基于植物的类似物比其基于动物的对应物含有较低的总蛋白质和EAA含量.
- 虽然EAA的总含量总体上是充足的,但所有类似产品至少在一个特定的EAA中显示出缺陷.
- 氨酸是最常见的限制EAA (98%),其次是氨酸 (28%).
结论:
- 植物性肉类和乳制品类似物经常表现出不完整的必需氨基酸 (EAA) 配置文件.
- 特定的EAA缺陷,特别是甲因,在各种植物类类似物中普遍存在.
- 这些发现表明,在以植物为中心的饮食中,对蛋白质充足性的潜在营养妥协严重依赖这些类似物.
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