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相关概念视频

Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge02:54

Trends in Lattice Energy: Ion Size and Charge

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An ionic compound is stable because of the electrostatic attraction between its positive and negative ions. The lattice energy of a compound is a measure of the strength of this attraction. The lattice energy (ΔHlattice) of an ionic compound is defined as the energy required to separate one mole of the solid into its component gaseous ions. For the ionic solid sodium chloride, the lattice energy is the enthalpy change of the process:
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The Born-Haber Cycle02:44

The Born-Haber Cycle

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Lattice Energy 
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Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer02:48

Ionic Bonding and Electron Transfer

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Ions are atoms or molecules bearing an electrical charge. A cation (a positive ion) forms when a neutral atom loses one or more electrons from its valence shell, and an anion (a negative ion) forms when a neutral atom gains one or more electrons in its valence shell. Compounds composed of ions are called ionic compounds (or salts), and their constituent ions are held together by ionic bonds: electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged cations and anions. 
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Aqueous Solutions and Heats of Hydration02:42

Aqueous Solutions and Heats of Hydration

15.0K
Water and other polar molecules are attracted to ions. The electrostatic attraction between an ion and a molecule with a dipole is called an ion-dipole attraction. These attractions play an important role in the dissolution of ionic compounds in water.
When ionic compounds dissolve in water, the ions in the solid separate and disperse uniformly throughout the solution because water molecules surround and solvate the ions, reducing the strong electrostatic forces between them. This process...
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Ionic Strength: Effects on Chemical Equilibria01:19

Ionic Strength: Effects on Chemical Equilibria

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The addition of an inert ionic compound increases the solubility of a sparingly soluble salt. For example, adding potassium nitrate to a saturated solution of calcium sulfate significantly enhances the solubility of calcium sulfate. Le Châtelier's principle cannot predict this shift in the equilibrium. Instead, this could be explained in terms of changes in the effective concentration of the ions in solution in the presence of added inert salt.
In this solution, the primary...
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Induced Electric Dipoles01:28

Induced Electric Dipoles

4.4K
A permanent electric dipole orients itself along an external electric field. This rotation can be quantified by defining the potential energy because the external torque does work in rotating it. Then, the potential energy is minimum at the parallel configuration and maximum at the antiparallel configuration. While the former is a stable equilibrium, the latter is an unstable equilibrium.
Since the absolute value of potential energy holds no physical meaning, its zero value can be chosen as per...
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相关实验视频

Updated: Sep 13, 2025

Solid-state Graft Copolymer Electrolytes for Lithium Battery Applications
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局部扭曲平衡 快速Li+迁移的热-热补偿 在石榴石固态电解质中.

Yuwei Chen1, Zhongqiang Wang1, Yilin Chen1

  • 1Institute of New Energy for Vehicles, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)
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概括

高率策略优化固态电解质 (SE) 通过调整格子扭曲来为更安全的电池提供优化. 这项研究平衡了激活能量和预指数因子,以提高石榴类型的SE的离子导电性.

关键词:
石榴石的石榴石是指一个石榴石的石榴石.高的战略高的战略.离子迁移 离子迁移当地扭曲局部扭曲

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科学领域:

  • 材料科学 材料科学 材料科学
  • 电化学 电化学 电化学
  • 固态化学 固态化学

背景情况:

  • 石榴石型固态电解质 (SE) 对于高安全性电池至关重要,因为它们具有3D离子传输通道.
  • 阴离子替代增强了离子导电性,但与激活能量相比,前指数因子的作用往往被忽视.

研究的目的:

  • 调查配置和局部格子扭曲对石榴石类型SE的相位形成和离子导电性的影响.
  • 阐明激活能和预指数因子之间的相互作用,以确定整体离子运输.

主要方法:

  • 利用中子衍射和密度函数理论 (DFT) 的计算.
  • 采用多个格子位置替换来引入受控的局部扭曲和配置.

主要成果:

  • 观察到高度扭曲的协调环境,从而降低了激活能量.
  • 降低的迁移和跳跃频率补偿了较低的激活能量,限制了导电性增强.
  • 由于激活能量和预指数因子之间的平衡权衡,Li$_{6.3}$Ga$_{0.1}$La$_{3}$Zr_{0.8}$Hf$_{0.8}$Ta$_{0.2}$Nb$_{0.2}$O$_{12}$表现出优化的离子导电性.

结论:

  • 局部格子扭曲通过影响激活能量和预指数因子,显著影响离子导电性.
  • 高率策略提供了一种可行的方法,以推进电池应用的固态电解质中的离子运输.