从1990年到2021年,因PM2.5而造成的缺血性中风负担的时空趋势
Yunyan Lu1, Yu Mao2, Weiguo Liu2
1Department of Cardiology, The First People's Hospital of Xiaoshan District, Xiaoshan Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Frontiers in public health
|July 31, 2025
概括
颗粒物2.5 (PM2.5) 显著影响全球缺血性中风死亡和残疾. 减少PM2.5对于预防中风至关重要,特别是在低收入地区和男性中.
科学领域:
- 环境健康 环境健康
- 流行病学 流行病学
- 心血管疾病研究研究
背景情况:
- 空气污染,特别是颗粒物2.5 (PM2.5) 是一个重要的全球健康问题.
- 缺血性中风是全球死亡和残疾的主要原因.
- 了解PM2.5和缺血性中风之间的时空关系对于公共卫生干预至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 评估1990年至2021年因PM2.5而导致的缺血性中风的全球,区域和国家时空变化.
- 确定受PM2.5相关缺血性中风影响的高风险地区和人口群体.
- 为减轻空气污染和预防中风的战略提供信息.
主要方法:
- 利用了2021年全球负担和疾病研究 (GBD) 的数据来计算死亡率和残疾调整寿命年 (DALY).
- 员工结合点回归和分解分析以评估PM2.5暴露及其影响.
- 分析了204个国家的趋势和变化,按社会人口统计指数 (SDI) 分层.
主要成果:
- 在2021年,PM2.5暴露导致全球约0.90万例死亡和1829万例DAY因缺血性中风.
- 与环境PM2.5相关的缺血性中风的年龄标准化率 (ASR) 略有下降,而与PM2.5相关的家庭率在32年内显著下降.
- 负担因国家和SDI而异;家庭PM2.5不成比例地影响了SDI低的地区,而环境PM2.5对SDI中等和高的地区的影响更大.
- 环境PM2.5相关的中风率显示,在某些低SDI地区与SDI有正相关性,老年女性与男性相比显著下降.
结论:
- 暴露于PM2.5是全球缺血性中风负担的重要驱动因素,对男性和低SDI地区的人口产生明显影响.
- 迫切需要将PM2.5减少策略纳入现有的缺血性中风预防计划.
- 需要有针对性的干预措施,考虑到环境与家庭PM2.5在不同社会经济和地理环境中的不同影响.
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