富含胆固醇的脂质介导了内细胞分裂,作为呼吸道同胞病毒进入不同宿主细胞的常见途径
Anqi Zhou1,2, Bao Xue2,3,4, Jiayi Zhong2
1State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Microbiology spectrum
|July 31, 2025
概括
呼吸道同胞性病毒 (RSV) 使用富含胆固醇的脂质,通过各种菌株和细胞类型进入细胞. 与融合抑制剂一起向胆固醇代谢,可以增强RSV感染治疗的抗病毒效果.
科学领域:
- 病毒学 病毒学
- 细胞生物学 细胞生物学
- 传染性疾病 传染性疾病
背景情况:
- 呼吸道同胞性病毒 (RSV) 进入宿主细胞涉及复杂的,多步骤的过程,具有多种不同的入侵途径.
- 了解促进RSV进入的常见机制对于开发有效的抗病毒策略至关重要.
- RSV是一种重要的人类病原体,在婴儿和幼儿中引起严重的呼吸道疾病.
研究的目的:
- 确定不同RSV基因型用于宿主细胞进入的常见途径.
- 为了研究胆固醇丰富的脂质在RSV感染中的作用.
- 评估针对RSV进入和胆固醇代谢的新型治疗策略.
主要方法:
- 使用了各种RSV基因型 (A2,B18537,ON1) 和人类细胞系 (HEp-2,A549,主要支气管上皮细胞).
- 研究了胆固醇丰富的脂质的作用,通过使用甲基-β-环氧,simvastatin和terbinafine来消耗胆固醇.
- 在体外和体内评估了simvastatin和RSV融合蛋白抑制剂 (AK0529) 的联合抗病毒作用.
主要成果:
- 证明富含胆固醇的脂质是多种细胞类型中多种RSV菌株的常见进入机制.
- 表明病毒葡萄糖蛋白与脂质内的细胞受体结合,触发了病毒进入的actin重组和内体细胞形成.
- 证实胆固醇消耗显著抑制了RSV感染.
- 当将simvastatin与融合蛋白抑制剂AK0529结合使用时,观察到增强的抗病毒疗效.
结论:
- 富含胆固醇的脂质在促进RSV通过不同的宿主细胞和病毒基因型进入中发挥着关键作用.
- 准胆固醇代谢是一种有前途的治疗策略,用于对抗RSV感染.
- 针对病毒进入机制和胆固醇调节的联合治疗提供了增强的抗病毒疗效.
相关概念视频
Receptor-mediated Endocytosis
6.4K
Receptor-mediated endocytosis is when bulk amounts of specific molecules are imported into a cell after binding to cell surface receptors. The molecules bound to these receptors are taken into the cell through inward folding of the cell surface membrane, which is eventually pinched off into a vesicle within the cell. Structural proteins, such as clathrin, coat the budding vesicle.
Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis of LDL
One well-characterized example of receptor-mediated endocytosis is the...
Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis of LDL
One well-characterized example of receptor-mediated endocytosis is the...
6.4K
Membrane Fluidity
12.0K
Membrane fluidity is explained by the fluid mosaic model of the cell membrane, which describes the plasma membrane structure as a mosaic of components—including phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins, and carbohydrates—that gives the membrane a fluid character.
Mosaic nature of the membrane
The mosaic characteristic of the membrane helps the plasma membrane remain fluid. The integral proteins and lipids exist as separate but loosely-attached molecules in the membrane. The membrane is...
Mosaic nature of the membrane
The mosaic characteristic of the membrane helps the plasma membrane remain fluid. The integral proteins and lipids exist as separate but loosely-attached molecules in the membrane. The membrane is...
12.0K
Intralumenal Vesicles and Multivesicular Bodies
3.7K
Intraluminal vesicles (ILVs) are small vesicles 50-80 nm in diameter formed during the maturation of early endosomes. A specialized endosome containing numerous ILVs is called a multivesicular body (MVB). ILVs contain internalized molecules such as antigens, nucleic acids, proteins, and metabolites. Some of these molecules are released from the MVBs inside exosomes and are transported to other cells. Other MVBs contain molecules that are retained in the ILVs and are later degraded within the...
3.7K
Recycling Endosomes and Transcytosis
2.8K
The recycling endosome, also known as the endosomal recycling compartment (ERC), is a part of the slow-recycling process of the endocytic pathway. Molecules internalized through receptor-mediated endocytosis are either degraded in the lysosomes or are recycled to the plasma membrane through the fast- or slow-recycling route.
The recycling endosome is not a single organelle but an extensively tubulated network of recycling pathways. It functions in storing molecules or transporting them across...
The recycling endosome is not a single organelle but an extensively tubulated network of recycling pathways. It functions in storing molecules or transporting them across...
2.8K
Rab Proteins
4.1K
Rab proteins constitute the largest family of monomeric GTPases, of which 70 members are present in humans. Rab proteins and their effectors regulate consecutive stages of vesicle transport such as vesicle transport, docking, and fusion to the correct recipient membrane.
Rab proteins switch between a cytosolic, GDP-bound inactive state and a membrane-anchored, GTP-bound active state. By themselves, Rabs show slow rates of GDP/GTP exchange and GTP hydrolysis. Thus, Rab proteins are considered...
Rab proteins switch between a cytosolic, GDP-bound inactive state and a membrane-anchored, GTP-bound active state. By themselves, Rabs show slow rates of GDP/GTP exchange and GTP hydrolysis. Thus, Rab proteins are considered...
4.1K
Rab Cascades
2.7K
Rab GTPases act in a regulated cascade during membrane fusion, helping the lipid bilayers mix. The Rab family of proteins are active when bound to GTP, and inactive when bound to GDP. Hence, they act as guanine nucleotide-dependent molecular switches. Rab-GTP recognizes and binds to long or short-range tethering proteins to capture the target vesicle. These tethers coordinate with SNAREs on the vesicle and the target membrane to assemble the trans SNARE complex that locks the mixing bilayers.
2.7K


