心理学家的一本可解释的人工智能手册:方法,机遇和挑战
Rosa Lavelle-Hill1, Gavin Smith2, Hannah Deininger3
1Digital Humanities Lab, University of Basel.
Psychological methods
|July 31, 2025
概括
研究人员正在探索可解释的人工智能 (XAI) 的心理数据. 本指南介绍了XAI方法,并讨论了诸如多对线性等挑战,以更好地进行预测因素重要性分析.
科学领域:
- 心理学 心理学 心理学
- 计算机科学 计算机科学
- 人工智能的人工智能
背景情况:
- 机器学习在心理学中越来越多地用于大数据集.
- 了解模型预测和关键预测因素需要可解释的人工智能 (XAI).
- 对于机器学习中的预测重要性的方法方法方法比传统统计学中建立得更少.
研究的目的:
- 为心理学家介绍可解释的人工智能 (XAI).
- 提供常见XAI方法的概述.
- 分析多线性对心理研究中XAI方法的影响.
主要方法:
- 应用机器学习可解释性与心理可解释性的概述.
- 对XAI技术的回顾:排列的重要性,基于杂质的特征重要性,个人条件期望 (ICE) 图,部分依赖图 (PDP),累积局部效应 (ALE) 图,局部可解释模型-不可知解释 (LIME),夏普利添加式解释 (SHAP) 和深度学习重要缺陷 (DeepLIFT).
- 模拟分析以证明多对线性对XAI方法的影响.
主要成果:
- 多对线性可以显著影响各种XAI方法的结果.
- 不同的XAI方法对多线性具有不同的敏感性.
- 确定了用于心理数据的XAI实施的挑战.
结论:
- XAI为理解心理学中的机器学习模型提供了有价值的工具.
- 仔细考虑方法选择和数据特征 (例如,多对线性) 对于可靠的预测重要性至关重要.
- 需要进一步的研究来解决实施挑战,并推进XAI在心理学中的应用.
更多相关视频
07:43Author Spotlight: A Novel Setup to Conduct Naturalistic Laboratory Experiments with Real Human Actors in Scenarios
Published on: August 4, 2023
2.2K
10:26Problem-Solving Before Instruction PS-I: A Protocol for Assessment and Intervention in Students with Different Abilities
Published on: September 11, 2021
4.1K
相关概念视频
Introduction to Cognitive Psychology
878
Cognitive psychology is the field of psychology dedicated to examining how people think. It attempts to explain how and why we think the way we do by studying the interactions among human thinking, emotion, creativity, language, and problem-solving, as well as other cognitive processes. Cognitive psychology studies how information is processed and manipulated in remembering, thinking, and knowing.
This field emerged in the mid-20th century, following a period dominated by behaviorism, which...
This field emerged in the mid-20th century, following a period dominated by behaviorism, which...
878
Non-equilibrium in the Cell
4.9K
An important concept in studying metabolism and energy is that of chemical equilibrium. Most chemical reactions are reversible. They can proceed in both directions, releasing energy into their environment in one direction, and absorbing it from the environment in the other direction. The same is true for the chemical reactions involved in cell metabolism, such as the breaking down and building up of proteins into and from individual amino acids, respectively. Reactants within a closed system...
4.9K
Natural and Artificial Concepts
266
In psychology, concepts can be divided into two categories: natural and artificial. Natural concepts are formed through direct or indirect experiences. For example, consider the concept of snow. If you live in a place with regular snowfall, such as Essex Junction, Vermont, you know snow through direct experiences. You’ve seen it fall, touched it, shoveled it, and played in it. You recognize its texture, appearance, and even its smell. In contrast, if you live on an island like Saint...
266
Defining Psychology
3.6K
Psychology is the scientific discipline dedicated to understanding both observable behavior and the internal mental processes underlying such behavior. It aims to comprehend human nature and apply this understanding to solve practical problems, enhance well-being, and improve societal outcomes. An example of psychology's application is the study of prosocial behavior, such as why and under what conditions individuals might help strangers in need. This process involves describing observed...
3.6K
Reason and Intuition
6.9K
The human brain processes information for decision-making using one of two routes: an intuitive system and a rational system (Epstein, 1994; popularized by Kahneman, 2011 as System 1 and System 2, respectively). The intuitive system is quick, impulsive, and operates with minimal effort, relying on emotions or habits to provide cues for what to do next, while the rational system is logical, analytical, deliberate, and methodical. Research in neuropsychology suggests that the...
6.9K
Cognitivism
1.7K
Cognitive psychology emerged as a significant field in the mid-20th century. It focused on understanding humans' internal mental processes. This approach emphasizes how people perceive, remember, think, and solve problems—elements critical to human cognition.
Previously dominated by behaviorism, which prioritized observable behaviors and largely ignored mental processes, psychology transformed in the 1950s. Cognitive psychologists argue that understanding how we think and process...
Previously dominated by behaviorism, which prioritized observable behaviors and largely ignored mental processes, psychology transformed in the 1950s. Cognitive psychologists argue that understanding how we think and process...
1.7K
