对于自闭症和其他残疾儿童的COVID-19感染和缓解
Robert Fitzgerald1, Lauren Eck1, Karen Pazol2
1Department of Psychiatry, Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO.
概括
患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 和发育障碍 (DD) 的儿童的COVID-19发病率更高,并且在缓解策略方面遇到更多困难. 在卫生危机期间,针对性支持对这些弱势群体至关重要.
科学领域:
- 公共卫生 公共卫生
- 儿科 儿科 儿科
- 神经发育障碍 神经发育障碍
背景情况:
- 随着COVID-19的流行,实施公共卫生缓解策略面临着独特的挑战.
- 患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 和其他发育障碍 (DD) 的儿童在遵守这些措施时可能面临不同的障碍.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较患有ASD和DD的幼儿中COVID-19阳性测试的患病率和缓解策略的困难,与普通人口相比.
- 确定ASD和DD儿童在遵守公共卫生指南方面所面临的具体挑战.
主要方法:
- 利用了研究探索早期发育 (SEED) 队列的数据,包括基线时2-5岁的儿童.
- 1027名参与者的护理人员在2021年完成了一份流行病影响调查问卷.
- 修改Poisson回归模型分析了研究小组 (ASD,DD,人口比较组[POP]) 与缓解策略和鼻扫描困难之间的关联.
主要成果:
- 与POP组相比,ASD和DD组的儿童至少有一次COVID-19检测结果呈阳性的可能性是POP组的3倍.
- 与POP组相比,患有ASD的儿童在所有三种缓解策略和鼻子抽样方面表现出明显更高的困难.
- 与POP组相比,DD儿童在洗手和保持身体距离方面遇到了更大的困难.
结论:
- 患有ASD和DD的年轻人对COVID-19感染的脆弱性增加,以及实施缓解策略的挑战.
- 这些发现凸显了在公共卫生紧急情况和季节性呼吸道疾病期间为ASD和DD儿童提供量身定制的支持的必要性.
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