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自闭症中自然主义视听语言的神经编码受损

Theo Vanneau¹, Michael J Crosse², John J Foxe³

¹The Cognitive Neurophysiology Laboratory, Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx 10461, NY, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx 10461, NY, USA.

|July 31, 2025

概括

患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的人在处理自然语音时表现出多感官整合 (MSI) 障碍,难以将视觉和听觉线索结合起来. 这项研究揭示了在视听条件下ASD语音特征的神经跟踪减少,突出了沟通中的一个关键挑战.

科学领域:

神经科学是一个神经科学.
自闭症谱系障碍研究研究
听觉和视觉处理

背景情况:

多感官集成 (MSI) 通过结合听觉和视觉输入来提高噪音中的语音理解.
患有自闭症谱系障碍 (ASD) 的人经常表现出非典型的MSI,导致社会沟通困难.
之前对ASD中MSI的研究使用了简化的刺激,限制了自然语音处理的生态有效性.

研究的目的:

调查ASD青少年和年轻成年人的持续,自然主义的视听语言中受损的MSI的神经基础.
为了比较神经处理的语音特征在ASD和典型的发展 (TD) 控制在不同的听觉和视觉条件和噪音水平下.
提供神经生理学证据,证明在ASD中难以整合视觉和听觉语音线索.

主要方法:

使用高密度电脑图 (EEG) 和线性编码/解码模型.
在ASD (N=23) 和TD (N=19) 控制组的参与者中评估了连续视听语音的神经处理.
检查了仅听觉,仅视觉和视听条件与受控的背景噪音,测量语音外和语音特征的皮质跟踪.

主要成果:

在视听条件下,与对照组相比,ASD组表现出较低的行为表现和较弱的声学和语音特征的神经跟踪.
在仅听觉条件下没有观察到任何显著的群体差异,两组都受到增加噪音的类似影响.
这些发现表明,ASD患者的连续自然语言的多感官增强受损.

结论:

患有自闭症的个体在将视觉面部暗示与听觉语音相结合方面表现出缺陷,特别是在自然环境中.
这项研究提供了第一个趋同的行为和神经生理证据,证明ASD中持续视听语言的多感官增强受损.
了解这些神经处理差异对于开发针对ASD沟通挑战的有针对性的干预措施至关重要.

关键词:

视听语言处理视听语言处理自闭症谱系障碍自闭症谱系障碍连续演讲的持续演讲.电脑电图 (电脑电图) 是一种脑电图.多感应处理是多感应处理.神经语音跟踪神经语音跟踪

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