人工智能能与急诊医生在管理常见紧急病例方面匹敌吗? 一个比较性绩效评估评估
1Ministry of Health, Şile State Hospital, Kumbaba Street, Şile, Istanbul, Türkiye. drmgun1@gmail.com.
BMC emergency medicine
|August 1, 2025
概括
像ChatGPT这样的大型语言模型 (LLM) 在结构化紧急医疗病例中表现有希望,但在复杂的场景中扎. 人工智能可以支持,但不能取代医生的临床推理.
科学领域:
- 紧急医疗 紧急医疗
- 人工智能的人工智能
- 临床决策支持 临床决策支持
背景情况:
- 大型语言模型 (LLM) 正在探索临床决策支持.
- 它们在高风险的紧急医疗场景中的实用性尚未得到充分理解.
研究的目的:
- 为了比较ChatGPT (GPT-4) 的诊断和治疗准确性,与董事会认证的急诊医生进行比较.
- 为了评估各种紧急医疗病例的表现.
主要方法:
- 一项使用15个标准化紧急情况的比较研究.
- 由ChatGPT和医生对诊断,调查,治疗,安全性和复杂性进行案件的独立评估.
- 评分为5分之一,对应度分为高,中等或低.
主要成果:
- 在53.3%的案例中,ChatGPT实现了高一致性 (5/5).
- 在结构化病例 (如STEMI,DKA) 中表现最强,在复杂病例 (如中风,创伤) 中表现较弱.
- 在其他场景中观察到中度 (26.7%) 和低 (20.0%) 的一致性.
结论:
- 在结构化紧急情况中,ChatGPT与医生决策有很强的一致性.
- 在复杂和不太明确的紧急情况下,可靠性是有限的.
- 人工智能工具可以作为有价值的教育和支持资源,但不能取代人类临床判断.
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