在多体开放量子系统的稳定状态下,整合性与混沌对比
Josef Richter1, Lucas Sá2, Masudul Haque1
1Technische Universität Dresden, Institut für Theoretische Physik, 01062 Dresden, Germany.
Physical review. E
|August 1, 2025
概括
这项研究在开放量子系统中区分了Liouvillian和稳定状态混乱. 运算器大小分布有效地区分混乱和可整合的稳定状态,挑战简单性的假设.
科学领域:
- 量子物理学的量子物理学
- 凝聚物质理论 凝聚物质理论
- 统计力学就是统计力学.
背景情况:
- 开放的量子系统表现出复杂的动力学,由Lindblad主方程来支配.
- 这些系统中的整合性可以独立地表现为Liouvillian或非平衡稳定状态 (NESS).
- 区分Liouvillian和稳定状态混乱对于理解量子力学至关重要.
研究的目的:
- 在边界驱动和移相旋转链中区分Liouvillian和稳定状态混乱.
- 通过检查它们分解成保利弦来分析NESS的结构.
- 为了研究NESS的操作员大小分布,以描述可集成性.
主要方法:
- 使用水平间距统计来探测Liouvillian属性.
- 将自身状态热化假设 (ETH) 扩展到开放的量子系统.
- 在NESS基础上分析不同长度的保利字符串的重量.
主要成果:
- 证明NESS在混乱和可整合模型中都包含了所有长度的保利字符串的显著贡献.
- 表明可整合的稳定状态不一定是"简单的"或由少数体局部运算符组成.
- 确定了操作员大小分布作为区分混沌和可整合稳定状态的有效工具.
结论:
- NESS结构的复杂性挑战了可集成系统中简单性的直观观念.
- 运营商大小分布提供了一个强大的方法来分类NESS在开放量子系统中的整合性.
- 这项工作为量子混沌的表征和驱动系统中的可集成性提供了新的见解.
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